Question 1: Explain what is meant by 'data protection' in the context of computer systems.

Answer: Data protection refers to the practices and measures taken to secure personal and sensitive information from unauthorized access, misuse, or loss, ensuring privacy and compliance with laws.

Question 2: List two reasons why protecting data is important for individuals.

Answer: Protecting data helps prevent identity theft and maintains personal privacy.

Question 3: Describe one legal requirement related to data protection in the UK.

Answer: The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) requires organizations to obtain consent before collecting personal data and to safeguard that data appropriately.

Question 4: A company collects customer information such as names, addresses, and payment details. What ethical responsibilities do they have regarding this data?

Answer: They have a responsibility to keep the data secure, only use it for agreed purposes, obtain consent, and not share it without permission.

Question 5: Complete the truth table for a logical AND gate with inputs A and B, and output C.

Answer: | A | B | C | |---|---|---| | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 0 | 0 | | 1 | 1 | 1 |

Question 6: Complete the truth table for a logical OR gate with inputs A and B, and output C.

Answer: | A | B | C | |---|---|---| | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 0 | 1 | 1 | | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 1 | 1 | 1 |

Question 7: Draw a simple logic circuit that uses an AND gate and an OR gate to combine two inputs, A and B, into an output.

Answer: A correct sketch would show two inputs (A and B) feeding into an AND gate and a separate input feeding into an OR gate; the outputs of both gates are then connected to a final OR gate to produce the final output.

Question 8: Explain why it is important for companies to follow data protection laws when handling customer data.

Answer: Following data protection laws ensures customer privacy is respected, prevents legal penalties, and maintains trust between the company and its customers.

Question 9: Sketch a diagram showing a basic data flow from a user submitting personal information to a company's database.

Answer: A clear sketch would depict a user device (e.g., computer or phone) sending data through a secure connection to a server or database, illustrating data transmission.

Question 10: What are the potential consequences for a company if they fail to protect user data?

Answer: Consequences include legal penalties, financial loss, damage to reputation, and loss of customer trust.

Question 11: Identify one way individuals can help protect their own personal data online.

Answer: Individuals can use strong, unique passwords and enable two-factor authentication.