Question 1: Define the term 'Memory' in the context of computer hardware.

Answer: Memory in computer hardware refers to the components that store data and instructions temporarily or permanently, allowing the computer to access information quickly.

Question 2: Name two types of computer memory and briefly describe their uses.

Answer: RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile memory used for temporary data storage while programs are running. ROM (Read-Only Memory) is non-volatile memory used to store permanent data such as firmware.

Question 3: Explain the difference between volatile and non-volatile memory.

Answer: Volatile memory loses its data when power is turned off, whereas non-volatile memory retains data even without power.

Question 4: Describe how a binary '1' and '0' are used in computer memory.

Answer: In computer memory, binary '1' and '0' are used to represent on and off states, respectively, encoding data in a form that the computer's circuits can process.

Question 5: Complete the truth table for an AND gate with inputs A and B and output C.

Answer: [{"A":0,"B":0,"C":0},{"A":0,"B":1,"C":0},{"A":1,"B":0,"C":0},{"A":1,"B":1,"C":1}]

Question 6: Complete the truth table for an OR gate with inputs A and B and output C.

Answer: [{"A":0,"B":0,"C":0},{"A":0,"B":1,"C":1},{"A":1,"B":0,"C":1},{"A":1,"B":1,"C":1}]

Question 7: Draw a logic circuit for a NOT gate and label the components.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a triangle symbol with a small circle at the output representing the NOT operation, with an input wire entering the triangle and an output wire leaving the circle.

Question 8: Draw a logic circuit that combines an AND gate and an OR gate to produce a compound logic function. Label all parts.

Answer: A correct sketch would include two inputs feeding into an AND gate and an OR gate, with their outputs connected to a final output, demonstrating the combined logic operation.

Question 9: Explain how logic gates are used in computer memory systems.

Answer: Logic gates are used in memory systems to control data flow, perform logical operations, and build memory cells such as flip-flops, which store bits of information.

Question 10: Describe a scenario where understanding logic gates would help in designing a simple digital device.

Answer: Understanding logic gates allows a designer to create circuits that perform specific functions, such as a basic security system that uses AND gates to activate an alarm only when multiple conditions are met.

Question 11: Sketch a truth table for a NAND gate with inputs A and B and output C. Label all columns.

Answer: A complete truth table with columns labeled A, B, and C, showing the output C is 0 only when both A and B are 1; otherwise, C is 1.