Question 1: Describe the main characteristics of ballet as it developed during the Renaissance period.

Answer: Ballet during the Renaissance emphasized graceful movements, formalized techniques, and the use of pointe shoes. It was performed in courts and aimed to tell stories through coordinated, elegant gestures.

Question 2: Explain how African dance traditions influenced the development of jazz dance in the early 20th century.

Answer: African dance traditions contributed rhythmic complexity, improvisation, and expressive movements to jazz dance. These elements were incorporated into jazz to reflect cultural roots and enhance emotional expression.

Question 3: Identify two key figures in the development of modern dance and briefly describe their contributions.

Answer: Isadora Duncan pioneered free-flowing movement and rejected classical ballet constraints, emphasizing natural movement. Martha Graham developed a technique based on contraction and release, shaping modern dance's expressive style.

Question 4: Discuss the social and cultural factors that led to the rise of street dance styles in the 1970s.

Answer: Street dance styles emerged from urban communities as a form of self-expression and social identity. Factors included economic challenges, cultural exchange, and the desire for youth to create their own dance forms outside traditional institutions.

Question 5: Draw a simple diagram showing the basic stance used in the 'pirouette' position in classical ballet. Label the key parts of the stance.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a dancer standing on one leg with the other foot placed near the knee of the standing leg, arms rounded and held in front or to the side, head aligned with the spine, and the torso upright.

Question 6: Compare the themes and movements of the Baroque dance style with those of the Romantic ballet era.

Answer: Baroque dance focused on formal, courtly movements with strict patterns and social etiquette. Romantic ballet emphasized emotional expression, ethereal themes, and flowing, expressive movements to evoke fairy-tale and mystical stories.

Question 7: Explain the significance of the 'Loie Fuller' in dance history and her contributions to performance technology.

Answer: Loie Fuller was a pioneer of modern dance and theatrical lighting effects. She used innovative fabric manipulation and lighting to create mesmerizing visual effects, influencing stage design and dance performance.

Question 8: Describe how cultural exchange has influenced contemporary dance styles globally.

Answer: Cultural exchange has introduced diverse movements, music, and philosophies into contemporary dance, leading to hybrid styles like Afrobeat, hip-hop, and fusion dance, promoting global connectivity and innovation.

Question 9: Sketch a basic formation used in traditional Indian dance, indicating the position of the feet, arms, and head.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a dancer with feet positioned in a specific stance (e.g., one foot forward), arms raised or in a specific mudra, and the head tilted or facing a particular direction, consistent with classical Indian dance forms.

Question 10: Reflect on how technological advances have changed dance performances from the 20th century to today.

Answer: Technological advances, such as stage lighting, projection, video effects, and motion sensors, have expanded creative possibilities, enabling more immersive and visually spectacular performances accessible to global audiences.