Question 1: Define 'biodiversity' and give an example of a high biodiversity area.

Answer: Biodiversity refers to the variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat or ecosystem; for example, the Amazon rainforest has extremely high biodiversity.

Question 2: What is 'sustainable development'? Provide an example.

Answer: Sustainable development is meeting present needs without compromising future resources; for example, renewable energy projects like wind farms.

Question 3: Explain the term 'deforestation' and its impact on habitats.

Answer: Deforestation is the large-scale clearing of forests, which leads to habitat loss and threatens biodiversity.

Question 4: Identify what 'conservation' aims to achieve.

Answer: Conservation aims to protect and sustainably manage natural environments, species, and resources.

Question 5: Name a conservation method used in protected areas like national parks.

Answer: Establishing protected areas where human activity is restricted, such as national parks.

Question 1: Which one of the following is a primary goal of conservation?

Answer: To protect endangered species

Question 2: Name the rainforest known for its exceptional biodiversity and located mainly in Brazil.

Answer: The Amazon rainforest.

Question 3: What is the main threat to the Lake District's natural environment?

Answer: Tourism and pollution.

Question 4: Name two methods used in the UK to conserve wildlife habitats.

Answer: Designating Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) and establishing nature reserves.

Question 1: Based on the case study of the Amazon rainforest, identify two impacts of deforestation on local communities and global climate.

Answer: Deforestation leads to loss of livelihoods for indigenous communities and contributes to increased greenhouse gas emissions, accelerating global warming.

Question 2: In the Lake District, what conservation strategies have been implemented to manage tourism's impact?

Answer: Strategies include visitor management schemes, restricted access areas, and promoting eco-friendly tourism.

Question 1: Explain why deforestation in the Amazon rainforest is considered a major environmental problem.

Answer: Deforestation causes loss of biodiversity, disrupts local and global climate regulation, and reduces carbon sequestration, thereby contributing to climate change.

Question 2: Analyse the social and economic factors driving habitat destruction in the UK and Brazil.

Answer: In the UK, urban expansion, agriculture, and tourism drive habitat loss, while in Brazil, logging, agriculture, and infrastructure development are primary causes.

Question 3: Explain how climate change affects conservation efforts in both tropical rainforests and temperate regions like the Lake District.

Answer: Climate change alters habitats, increases the frequency of extreme weather events, and shifts species distributions, making conservation more challenging.

Question 1: To what extent are protected areas sufficient to conserve biodiversity in the Amazon rainforest and the Lake District? Evaluate the strengths and limitations of these strategies.

Answer: Protected areas are crucial for conserving biodiversity by restricting destructive activities; however, they face challenges such as illegal logging, insufficient funding, and habitat fragmentation. In the Amazon, large-scale deforestation outside protected zones remains a problem, while in the Lake District, tourism pressure continues to threaten habitats despite designated reserves. Effective conservation requires combining protected areas with community involvement, sustainable practices, and international cooperation to address broader environmental issues.