Question 1: Biodiversity: The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat or the world as a whole.

Answer: The variety of plant and animal life in a specific area or globally.

Question 2: Reforestation: The process of replanting trees in a deforested area to restore ecosystems.

Answer: Replanting trees in areas where forests have been cut down to restore the ecosystem.

Question 3: Endangered Species: Species at risk of extinction due to declining populations or habitat loss.

Answer: Species that are at risk of extinction because of declining numbers or habitat destruction.

Question 4: Sustainable Development: Economic development that meets present needs without compromising future resources.

Answer: Development that balances current needs with future resource availability.

Question 5: Habitat Fragmentation: The breaking up of large habitats into smaller, isolated patches, often due to human activity.

Answer: The process where large habitats are divided into smaller, isolated sections because of human actions.

Question 1: What is the main goal of conservation efforts?

Answer: To protect natural resources and biodiversity for future generations.

Question 2: Name the organization responsible for global conservation efforts, including the protection of endangered species.

Answer: The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Question 3: Which of the following is an example of reforestation?

Answer: Planting new trees in a deforested area in the Amazon rainforest.

Question 4: Describe two reasons why conserving biodiversity is important.

Answer: Biodiversity maintains ecosystem stability and provides resources like food, medicine, and ecological services essential for human survival.

Question 1: Explain how the reintroduction of the red kite in the UK illustrates conservation efforts. Include details about the location and methods used.

Answer: The red kite was once extinct in the UK but was reintroduced through captive breeding and release programs in areas like South Wales. This conservation effort aimed to restore biodiversity and control pest species, demonstrating successful human intervention to recover endangered species.

Question 2: Analyze the main threats to the Amazon rainforest and describe two strategies used to conserve it.

Answer: Threats include illegal logging and cattle ranching, which cause deforestation and habitat loss. Strategies include establishing protected areas like the Amazon Conservation Reserve and promoting sustainable land use practices among local communities.

Question 3: Discuss the impact of deforestation in Brazil on global climate change and local biodiversity.

Answer: Deforestation releases large amounts of carbon dioxide, contributing to global warming. It also destroys habitats, leading to loss of species and reduced biodiversity, which affects ecosystem resilience.

Question 1: Explain why habitat fragmentation poses a challenge to wildlife conservation.

Answer: Habitat fragmentation isolates populations, reducing genetic diversity, limiting access to resources, and increasing vulnerability to extinction. It also hinders species migration and adaptation.

Question 2: Analyse the main causes of climate change and how it affects conservation strategies worldwide.

Answer: Main causes include burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial emissions, leading to global warming. Climate change impacts conservation by altering habitats, increasing extinction risks, and necessitating adaptive management strategies such as creating wildlife corridors and climate-resilient habitats.

Question 3: Explain how climate change can threaten the survival of species in tropical rainforests.

Answer: Rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns can disrupt ecosystems, lead to habitat loss, and make conditions unsuitable for many species, increasing their risk of extinction.

Question 1: To what extent are protected areas effective in conserving biodiversity? Evaluate the advantages and limitations of establishing national parks and reserves.

Answer: Protected areas like national parks and reserves are effective in conserving biodiversity by providing safe habitats and restricting harmful human activities. However, their effectiveness can be limited by inadequate funding, illegal activities, and habitat fragmentation outside boundaries. While they help preserve species and ecosystems, integrating community engagement and sustainable practices is essential for long-term success.