Question 1: What is 'biodiversity'?

Answer: Biodiversity refers to the variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat or the world as a whole.

Question 2: Define 'sustainable development'.

Answer: Sustainable development is development that meets current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 3: What is 'afforestation'?

Answer: Afforestation is the process of planting trees in an area where there were no previous trees.

Question 4: Explain 'deforestation'.

Answer: Deforestation is the large-scale removal of trees and forests, often for agriculture or development.

Question 5: Name two human activities that cause deforestation.

Answer: Agricultural expansion and logging.

Question 1: Which rainforest is most affected by deforestation in Brazil?

Answer: Amazon rainforest

Question 2: Name the main economic activity that leads to deforestation in Southeast Asia.

Answer: Logging and palm oil plantations

Question 3: What are two environmental impacts of deforestation?

Answer: Loss of biodiversity and increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

Question 4: Describe one social consequence of deforestation for local communities.

Answer: Loss of livelihoods and displacement of indigenous peoples

Question 1: Based on the case study, identify two main causes of deforestation in the Amazon.

Answer: Agricultural expansion, logging, and infrastructure development such as roads

Question 2: Explain how deforestation in the Amazon affects global climate change.

Answer: Deforestation reduces the number of trees that absorb carbon dioxide, increasing greenhouse gases and contributing to global warming.

Question 3: Analyze the economic benefits and environmental costs of deforestation in Brazil.

Answer: Economic benefits include increased agricultural output and job creation, but environmental costs involve loss of biodiversity, climate change, and disruption of ecosystems.

Question 1: Explain why illegal logging contributes to deforestation in Indonesia.

Answer: Illegal logging bypasses regulations, leading to unsustainable tree removal, forest degradation, and loss of biodiversity without proper management or replanting.

Question 2: Analyse the geographical pattern of deforestation in the Congo Basin.

Answer: Deforestation is concentrated near roads and logging camps, with higher rates in accessible areas, often driven by economic activities like logging and agriculture, leading to fragmented forests.

Question 3: Explain how climate change can influence deforestation rates.

Answer: Climate change can lead to increased temperatures and altered rainfall patterns, which can weaken trees and make forests more vulnerable to pests, fires, and degradation, thus increasing deforestation.

Question 1: To what extent are reforestation and afforestation effective strategies for combating deforestation? Discuss their advantages and limitations.

Answer: Reforestation and afforestation help restore lost forests, enhance biodiversity, and absorb carbon dioxide, making them effective in mitigating climate change. However, their success depends on proper management, funding, and local community involvement. Limitations include the time required for trees to mature, potential land-use conflicts, and the risk of non-native species affecting local ecosystems.