Question 1: Define 'Sustainable Development'.

Answer: Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 2: What is 'Resource Depletion'? Provide an example.

Answer: The consumption of natural resources faster than they can be replenished. Example: Overfishing in the North Atlantic.

Question 3: Explain 'Renewable Resources'.

Answer: Resources that can be replenished naturally over time, such as solar energy or wind power.

Question 4: Define 'Carbon Footprint'.

Answer: The total amount of greenhouse gases emitted directly or indirectly by human activities.

Question 5: What is 'Environmental Sustainability'?

Answer: Maintaining the health of the environment so that natural resources can continue to support human life and biodiversity.

Question 1: Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?

Answer: Wind energy

Question 2: Name the African country that has experienced significant water scarcity due to climate change and resource depletion.

Answer: Lake Chad Basin (or Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Cameroon depending on context)

Question 3: What does the term 'sustainable' mean in environmental terms?

Answer: Able to be maintained at a steady level without exhausting natural resources or causing severe ecological damage.

Question 4: Which human activity is most responsible for increasing greenhouse gases?

Answer: Burning fossil fuels

Question 5: Name two natural resources that are considered non-renewable.

Answer: Coal and oil

Question 1: Based on the Lake Chad case study, explain two major impacts of resource depletion on local communities.

Answer: Decreased access to water for farming and drinking, leading to food shortages and increased poverty among local populations.

Question 2: Describe one strategy that has been implemented to address water scarcity in the Lake Chad region.

Answer: Introduction of water conservation practices and improved irrigation techniques to reduce water use.

Question 3: Assess how climate change has contributed to the shrinking of Lake Chad.

Answer: Climate change has led to reduced rainfall and higher evaporation rates, decreasing water inflow and causing the lake to shrink dramatically.

Question 4: Explain the importance of sustainable water management in the Lake Chad region.

Answer: It is crucial to ensure water availability for agriculture, drinking, and ecosystem health, preventing further resource depletion and supporting local livelihoods.

Question 1: Analyse the causes of deforestation in Nigeria and its impact on local biodiversity.

Answer: Causes include agricultural expansion, logging for timber, and urban development. The impact includes loss of habitats, decreased biodiversity, and soil erosion.

Question 2: Explain why reliance on non-renewable resources is unsustainable in the long term.

Answer: Non-renewable resources are finite; once depleted, they cannot be replenished, leading to resource shortages and environmental damage.

Question 3: Describe the effects of climate change on coastal communities in the UK, such as Norfolk.

Answer: Rising sea levels and increased storm frequency threaten property, infrastructure, and livelihoods, leading to coastal erosion and flooding.

Question 1: To what extent are renewable energy sources a viable solution to global climate change? Discuss considering economic, environmental, and social factors.

Answer: Renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, and hydro are vital for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and combating climate change. Economically, they can reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and create jobs, but initial costs and technological limitations can be barriers. Environmentally, they produce little to no emissions, helping to preserve ecosystems. Socially, they promote energy security and access, especially in remote areas. However, challenges include intermittency, land use concerns, and the need for substantial investment. Overall, while renewable energy is promising, it requires supportive policies and technological advancements to be fully viable globally.