Question 1: What is a Geographic Information System (GIS)?

Answer: A computer-based tool that captures, stores, analyzes, and displays geographical data.

Question 2: Define remote sensing and give an example of its use.

Answer: The acquisition of information about Earth's surface from satellites or aircraft; used in urban planning and environmental monitoring.

Question 3: What does spatial analysis involve?

Answer: Examining geographical data to identify patterns, relationships, and trends across space.

Question 4: Name one city that uses GIS extensively for urban development.

Answer: London

Question 5: Provide an example of how GIS can help in disaster management.

Answer: By mapping flood-prone areas to plan evacuation routes and allocate resources.

Question 1: Which of the following best describes remote sensing?

Answer: The collection of data from satellites or aircraft about Earth's surface

Question 2: Name one advantage of using GIS in urban planning.

Answer: It allows for precise spatial analysis, improving decision-making and resource allocation.

Question 3: What type of data does GIS primarily work with?

Answer: Spatial and geographical data.

Question 4: Name a city that has implemented GIS technology for managing transportation networks.

Answer: London

Question 1: Lagos, Nigeria, has experienced rapid urban growth over the past two decades. Describe how GIS technology can help Lagos manage this growth.

Answer: GIS can map urban expansion, identify informal settlements, plan infrastructure, and support sustainable development to manage congestion, flooding, and resource distribution.

Question 2: Based on the Lagos case study, analyze two potential challenges of implementing GIS in rapidly growing cities.

Answer: Challenges include lack of technical expertise and funding, data accuracy issues, and resistance from local communities.

Question 3: Explain how GIS data can improve urban resilience in Lagos.

Answer: By providing detailed spatial information on flood-prone areas and infrastructure, GIS enables better planning and risk management to reduce urban vulnerabilities.

Question 4: Evaluate the potential ethical concerns related to the use of GIS data in Lagos.

Answer: Concerns include data privacy, surveillance, unequal access to technology, and the risk of data misuse, which could marginalize vulnerable populations.

Question 1: Explain why urban areas like London and Lagos increasingly rely on GIS technology.

Answer: Urban areas depend on GIS for efficient management of transportation, infrastructure, and services; it helps in planning, reducing congestion, and responding to environmental challenges. The growing complexity of urban environments necessitates advanced spatial analysis tools like GIS.

Question 2: Analyse the causes of rapid urban growth in Lagos and how GIS can address some of these issues.

Answer: Causes include rural-to-urban migration, high birth rates, and economic opportunities. GIS can help by mapping growth patterns, planning infrastructure, and allocating resources efficiently to manage congestion and environmental impacts.

Question 3: Explain the role of GIS in disaster risk reduction in human settlements.

Answer: GIS identifies hazard-prone areas, supports evacuation planning, and helps allocate emergency resources, thereby reducing risks and enhancing resilience.

Question 1: To what extent has GIS technology transformed urban management in cities like London and Lagos? Evaluate the benefits and limitations.

Answer: GIS has significantly improved urban management by enabling precise spatial analysis, efficient resource allocation, and better planning for transportation, housing, and environmental concerns. However, limitations include high costs, data privacy issues, and the digital divide that may exclude some communities from benefiting fully. Overall, GIS remains a vital tool, but its effectiveness depends on proper implementation and ethical considerations.