Question 1: What is a 'bar graph' and how is it used in human geography?

Answer: A bar graph is a diagram that uses rectangular bars to represent data values, allowing easy comparison between categories such as population sizes or migration trends.

Question 2: Define 'population pyramid' and give an example of its use in urban studies.

Answer: A population pyramid is a graphical representation showing the age and sex distribution of a population, useful for analyzing demographic trends in cities like Birmingham.

Question 3: What is the purpose of a line graph in geographical analysis?

Answer: A line graph shows data trends over time, such as population growth from 2000 to 2020 in Liverpool.

Question 4: Name two advantages of using pie charts in human geography.

Answer: Pie charts provide a clear visual comparison of proportions, such as age group distributions, and are easy to interpret at a glance.

Question 5: Give an example of data that could be represented with a histogram.

Answer: A histogram could represent the frequency of different income levels in urban areas like Manchester.

Question 1: Which type of graph would best display the change in employment rates in London from 2010 to 2020?

Answer: Line graph

Question 2: Name the graph type most suitable for showing the percentage of different ethnic groups in Manchester.

Answer: Pie chart

Question 3: What does a rising trend in a line graph indicate about urban population growth?

Answer: It indicates that the urban population is increasing over time.

Question 4: Identify the main purpose of using a scatter plot in geographical studies.

Answer: To analyze the relationship or correlation between two variables, such as income and education level.

Question 1: Based on the population growth data for London from 2000 to 2020, identify the key trend shown in the line graph.

Answer: The graph shows a steady increase in London's population, with a notable acceleration after 2010.

Question 2: The bar graph indicates migration sources into Manchester between 2010 and 2020. Which source contributed the most migrants?

Answer: Migration from other UK regions contributed the most migrants to Manchester.

Question 3: Using the data provided, explain how population density has changed in central London compared to suburban areas.

Answer: Population density in central London has increased significantly due to urban densification, while suburban areas have experienced slower growth, reflecting urban expansion.

Question 1: Explain why urban populations tend to grow more rapidly in city centers like London compared to rural areas.

Answer: Urban centers attract migration due to better employment opportunities, services, and amenities, leading to higher population growth compared to rural areas.

Question 2: Analyse the causes of urban migration from smaller towns to cities like Manchester and Bristol.

Answer: Causes include better job prospects, educational opportunities, improved infrastructure, and access to healthcare, which attract people from smaller towns.

Question 3: Explain the impact of migration on urban infrastructure in London.

Answer: Migration increases demand for housing, transport, healthcare, and other services, leading to urban congestion, expansion, and the need for sustainable planning.

Question 1: To what extent have government policies like London's 'Urban Growth Strategy' been successful in managing population growth and infrastructure demands?

Answer: The success of London's Urban Growth Strategy can be evaluated by examining improvements in infrastructure, housing development, and traffic management. While these policies have helped accommodate the growing population, challenges such as congestion, housing shortages, and environmental impacts remain. Therefore, the strategy has had mixed success, with ongoing needs for sustainable urban planning and investment.