Question 1: What is 'population density'?

Answer: Population density is the number of people living per unit area, usually per square kilometre.

Question 2: Define 'urbanization'.

Answer: Urbanization is the increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas.

Question 3: What does 'migration flow' refer to?

Answer: Migration flow refers to the movement of people from one place to another over a period of time.

Question 4: Explain 'population pyramid'.

Answer: A population pyramid is a graphical representation showing the distribution of age and sex in a population.

Question 5: What is the purpose of statistical sampling in geographical studies?

Answer: Sampling allows geographers to collect data from a manageable subset of a population to make inferences about the whole.

Question 1: Which city in the UK has the highest population density?

Answer: London

Question 2: Name the UK region with the fastest urban growth rate in recent years.

Answer: The South East of England.

Question 3: What is the main cause of rural-urban migration in the UK?

Answer: The search for better employment opportunities and access to services.

Question 4: Identify one challenge associated with urban population growth.

Answer: Increased pressure on housing and infrastructure.

Question 1: Based on the case study of London, which factors have contributed to its high population density?

Answer: Factors include economic opportunities, better healthcare, education, and transportation infrastructure.

Question 2: Analyze how migration from rural areas to London has impacted local services.

Answer: The influx of migrants has increased demand for housing, healthcare, and transportation, leading to overcrowding and strain on services.

Question 3: Evaluate the accuracy of using population density as a measure of urban congestion in London.

Answer: While population density indicates how crowded an area is, it does not account for factors like infrastructure quality or spatial distribution, which also affect congestion.

Question 4: Suggest one policy measure to manage population growth in London and justify its effectiveness.

Answer: Implementing decentralization policies, such as developing regional hubs, can reduce pressure on London’s infrastructure by encouraging relocation to secondary cities.

Question 1: Explain why urban areas like Birmingham have experienced rapid population growth in recent decades.

Answer: Urban areas like Birmingham have experienced growth due to industrialization, improved employment opportunities, better access to services, and internal migration from rural areas.

Question 2: Analyse the social and economic impacts of high migration flows into Manchester.

Answer: Impacts include cultural diversity, increased demand for housing and services, potential social tensions, and economic growth from a larger workforce.

Question 3: Explain the main reasons for demographic changes in the UK’s urban populations.

Answer: Reasons include migration, birth rates, aging populations, and economic opportunities attracting diverse age groups.

Question 1: To what extent have policies aimed at decentralizing population growth in the UK been successful? Consider both positive and negative aspects.

Answer: Decentralization policies, such as developing regional cities like Milton Keynes and Cambridge, have successfully reduced pressure on London, encouraged regional economic growth, and improved living standards. However, challenges include uneven development, limited infrastructure in some secondary cities, and continued migration trends towards larger urban centers. Overall, while these policies help distribute population growth, their success varies across regions and requires ongoing investment.