Question 1: What is the term for the primary sector of economic activity?

Answer: Extraction of natural resources

Question 2: Define 'manufacturing' in the context of economic activity.

Answer: Processing raw materials into finished goods

Question 3: Name the sector involved in providing services like banking and education.

Answer: Tertiary sector

Question 4: What term describes industries that produce goods for export?

Answer: Manufacturing or secondary industry

Question 5: Give an example of a country's primary sector activity.

Answer: Fishing in Norway

Question 6: Explain what is meant by 'industrialization'.

Answer: The process by which a country develops manufacturing industries and urbanizes.

Question 1: Which sector employs the majority of people in rural areas of Nigeria?

Answer: Primary sector

Question 2: Name two main industries in the UK economy.

Answer: Financial services and manufacturing

Question 3: What is the difference between 'formal' and 'informal' economic activities?

Answer: Formal activities are officially registered and taxed; informal activities are unregulated and untaxed.

Question 4: Identify a sector that has expanded significantly in India over the last 20 years.

Answer: The tertiary sector, especially in information technology and services.

Question 1: Read the case study of Nigeria’s oil industry: Nigeria relies heavily on oil exports, which account for over 90% of its foreign revenue. This has led to economic growth but also dependence on a single resource. The oil industry provides jobs mainly in the secondary and tertiary sectors, but environmental issues and price fluctuations cause economic instability.

Answer: Nigeria’s dependence on oil exports has boosted its economy but increased vulnerability to global oil price changes, environmental degradation, and economic instability.

Question 2: Identify two economic challenges faced by Nigeria due to its reliance on oil.

Answer: Economic instability from price fluctuations and environmental pollution.

Question 3: Discuss how Nigeria could diversify its economy to reduce dependence on oil.

Answer: Nigeria could develop its agriculture, manufacturing, and service sectors, invest in education and infrastructure, and promote other export industries to diversify its economy.

Question 4: Explain the potential impacts of oil dependence on Nigeria’s future economic stability.

Answer: Heavy dependence on oil makes Nigeria vulnerable to global market fluctuations, environmental issues, and reduces resilience during oil price drops, risking long-term economic instability.

Question 1: Analyse the causes of deindustrialization in regions like the North of England.

Answer: Deindustrialization in northern England resulted from globalization, which led to the decline of traditional manufacturing industries, offshoring of jobs, technological change, and reduced demand for local products.

Question 2: Explain how technological advancements have impacted the tertiary sector in cities like London.

Answer: Technological advancements have increased efficiency, enabled remote services, and expanded the scope of financial and professional services, leading to growth in London's tertiary sector.

Question 3: Analyse the reasons for the growth of the tourism industry in places like Cornwall.

Answer: The growth is due to Cornwall’s natural scenery, coastal attractions, improved transport links, and government initiatives promoting regional tourism, which stimulate local economies.

Question 1: To what extent do offshore financial services in cities like London contribute to the UK’s economy? Consider benefits and drawbacks.

Answer: Offshore financial services significantly boost the UK economy through taxes, employment, and global financial influence. However, they may also contribute to economic inequality, tax avoidance, and regulatory risks. While beneficial overall, there are concerns about economic sustainability and social impact that need addressing.

Question 2: Evaluate the effectiveness of government policies aimed at promoting sustainable economic activity in rural areas.

Answer: Government policies such as subsidies, infrastructure development, and promoting eco-tourism have helped rural economies, but challenges remain like limited access to markets, environmental concerns, and funding constraints. Overall, policies are effective but require ongoing adaptation for long-term sustainability.