Question 1: Define 'Globalisation'.

Answer: The process by which countries become more interconnected and interdependent through trade, communication, and cultural exchange.

Question 2: What is a multinational corporation (MNC)?

Answer: A company that operates in multiple countries around the world.

Question 3: Explain the term 'Global Supply Chain'.

Answer: A network of worldwide suppliers and producers involved in creating and distributing a product.

Question 4: Describe 'Cultural Globalisation'.

Answer: The spread of ideas, attitudes, and cultural elements across countries, leading to cultural homogenisation.

Question 5: Name one positive and one negative impact of Globalisation.

Answer: Positive: Increased economic growth; Negative: Cultural erosion.

Question 1: Which country is known as the 'world's factory' due to its manufacturing industry?

Answer: China

Question 2: Name the multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California.

Answer: Apple Inc.

Question 3: What is the main purpose of free trade agreements like NAFTA or the EU?

Answer: To reduce barriers to trade between member countries and promote economic integration.

Question 4: Identify two ways Globalisation has affected employment in the UK.

Answer: Jobs have moved to cheaper countries; increased service sector employment.

Question 5: Explain how digital communication has facilitated Globalisation.

Answer: Digital communication enables instant contact and information exchange worldwide, supporting global business and cultural links.

Question 1: Read the case study about the UK clothing industry. Identify two ways Globalisation has impacted this industry.

Answer: Manufacturing has moved to countries with cheaper labour such as Bangladesh; UK brands rely heavily on imported textiles and finished products.

Question 2: Based on the case study of China’s manufacturing growth, discuss one positive and one negative impact on the environment.

Answer: Positive: Economic development and employment; Negative: Pollution and resource depletion.

Question 3: How has Globalisation contributed to cultural change in India?

Answer: Introduction of Western media and fast food has led to changes in lifestyle and cultural practices.

Question 4: Describe the role of TNCs like Nike or Apple in global economic development.

Answer: TNCs create jobs, promote technology transfer, and stimulate economic growth in host countries.

Question 1: Explain why technological advancements have accelerated Globalisation.

Answer: Advances such as the internet, mobile technology, and transportation have made communication, trade, and movement of goods faster and cheaper, thus increasing global interconnectedness.

Question 2: Analyse the causes of the growth of outsourcing to countries like India and the Philippines.

Answer: Lower labour costs, availability of skilled workers, and trade agreements make outsourcing economically attractive, leading companies to relocate manufacturing and services.

Question 3: Describe the pattern of global economic power shifting from Western countries to emerging economies.

Answer: Emerging economies like China and India are experiencing rapid growth, increasing their share of global GDP and influence, reducing the dominance of traditional Western powers.

Question 1: To what extent has Globalisation benefited developing countries?

Answer: Globalisation has provided developing countries with access to new markets, technology, and investment, leading to economic growth and poverty reduction. However, it has also caused issues such as environmental degradation, cultural erosion, and increased inequality. The benefits are significant but unevenly distributed, making the overall impact mixed. A balanced evaluation considers both economic gains and social challenges.

Question 2: Evaluate the effectiveness of international efforts like fair trade initiatives in reducing global inequalities.

Answer: Fair trade initiatives aim to give producers in developing countries better prices and working conditions, reducing inequalities. While they have improved incomes for some farmers and artisans, their overall impact is limited by low consumer awareness, high certification costs, and limited market access. The effectiveness varies depending on implementation and scale, and while beneficial, they are not a complete solution to global inequality. A comprehensive approach combining fair trade with other policies is required for substantial change.