Question 1: What is 'population density'?

Answer: The average number of people living per square kilometre in an area.

Question 2: Define 'birth rate'.

Answer: The number of live births per 1,000 people in a year.

Question 3: What does 'natural increase' mean?

Answer: The difference between birth rate and death rate, indicating population growth or decline.

Question 4: Explain 'ageing population'.

Answer: A population with a high proportion of older people, often caused by low birth rates and high life expectancy.

Question 5: What is 'migration'?

Answer: The movement of people from one place to another, either within a country or internationally.

Question 1: Which country has the largest population in the world?

Answer: China

Question 2: Name two factors that can cause population growth.

Answer: High birth rates and improved healthcare.

Question 3: Identify one country experiencing population decline.

Answer: Japan

Question 4: What is rural depopulation?

Answer: The movement of people from rural areas to urban areas, leading to population decline in the countryside.

Question 1: Based on Nigeria's rapid population growth, discuss two challenges this country faces.

Answer: Overcrowding in cities like Lagos and strain on healthcare and education services.

Question 2: Describe how Japan's ageing population impacts its economy and healthcare system.

Answer: It leads to a shrinking workforce and increased demand for healthcare and social support for the elderly.

Question 3: Explain why Nigeria's population growth is so rapid compared to Japan.

Answer: Nigeria has high birth rates, lower access to family planning, and improvements in healthcare reducing death rates.

Question 4: Identify one policy Nigeria could implement to manage population growth.

Answer: Promoting family planning and education about contraception.

Question 1: Explain why urban areas like Lagos are experiencing high population densities.

Answer: Urban areas attract people due to better job opportunities, education, healthcare, and services, leading to higher population densities.

Question 2: Analyse the causes of population decline in rural parts of the UK.

Answer: Caused by migration to cities for jobs, better living standards, and declining birth rates in rural communities.

Question 3: Explain how improved healthcare contributes to population changes.

Answer: Improved healthcare reduces death rates, increasing life expectancy and natural increase in populations.

Question 1: To what extent do government policies effectively manage population growth in Nigeria?

Answer: Government policies such as family planning and education can help control growth, but challenges like cultural beliefs and access to healthcare affect their success. Overall, policies have some positive impact but are limited by social factors.

Question 2: Evaluate the success of strategies used by Japan to address its ageing population.

Answer: Strategies like increasing retirement age, encouraging immigration, and promoting technology in healthcare have helped, but challenges remain due to cultural attitudes and low birth rates. The strategies have had mixed success overall.