Question 1: What is 'bilateral aid'?

Answer: Aid provided directly from one country to another, usually through government agencies.

Question 2: Define 'sustainable development'.

Answer: Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 3: Name one example of non-governmental aid organization.

Answer: Oxfam

Question 4: What is 'economic development'?

Answer: Processes that improve the economic well-being and quality of life of a country or community.

Question 5: Give an example of a country receiving aid for health improvements.

Answer: Kenya

Question 1: Which type of aid is provided directly from governments to other governments?

Answer: Bilateral aid

Question 2: Name two countries that are often recipients of international aid.

Answer: Kenya and Bangladesh

Question 3: What is the main goal of development aid?

Answer: To reduce poverty and improve living standards

Question 4: Which organization provides multilateral aid?

Answer: United Nations

Question 1: Based on the case study of Kenya, identify two ways aid has improved healthcare services.

Answer: Aid has funded hospitals and supplied medical equipment.

Question 2: In Bangladesh, how has flood aid helped reduce the impact of natural disasters?

Answer: Flood aid has improved flood defenses and provided emergency supplies.

Question 3: Describe one challenge faced by aid organizations working in Kenya or Bangladesh.

Answer: Corruption or logistical difficulties in delivering aid.

Question 4: Evaluate the impact of aid on economic development in Kenya.

Answer: Aid has contributed to improved health and education, which support economic growth. However, dependency issues and corruption can limit long-term benefits.

Question 1: Explain why natural disasters often lead to increased international aid in countries like Bangladesh.

Answer: Natural disasters cause widespread destruction, creating immediate humanitarian needs. Countries and organizations respond with aid to provide emergency relief and support rebuilding efforts.

Question 2: Analyse the social and economic impacts of aid dependency in countries like Kenya.

Answer: Aid dependency can improve living standards temporarily but may discourage local initiative and create economic reliance. It can also lead to social issues such as corruption or reduced motivation for self-sufficiency.

Question 3: Explain the role of NGOs in aid distribution and development.

Answer: NGOs provide targeted aid, often in areas where government presence is limited. They implement projects focused on health, education, and infrastructure, promoting sustainable development.

Question 1: To what extent has international aid been successful in reducing poverty in Kenya?

Answer: International aid has contributed to improvements in healthcare, education, and infrastructure, which have helped reduce poverty. However, challenges such as corruption, mismanagement, and aid dependency have limited its overall effectiveness. Sustainable development requires a combination of aid, good governance, and local empowerment to ensure long-term poverty reduction.

Question 2: Evaluate the potential disadvantages of relying heavily on aid for economic development in countries like Bangladesh.

Answer: Heavy reliance on aid can lead to economic dependence, reducing incentives for local innovation and self-sufficiency. It may also cause corruption and misallocation of resources, hinder the development of domestic industries, and create a fragile economy vulnerable to changes in aid flows.