Question 1: Define 'economic development'.

Answer: Economic development refers to the process of improving standards of living, economic health, and quality of life through growth, structural change, and increased income.

Question 2: What is 'urbanization'? Provide an example related to Nigeria.

Answer: Urbanization is the increasing proportion of people living in cities. An example is the rapid growth of Lagos.

Question 3: Explain the term 'resource wealth' with reference to Nigeria.

Answer: Resource wealth refers to the abundance of natural resources, such as oil in Nigeria, that can contribute to economic growth.

Question 4: Define 'diversification' in an economic context.

Answer: Diversification is the process of developing a variety of industries to reduce reliance on a single sector, such as oil.

Question 5: What is 'infrastructure' and why is it important for Nigeria’s development?

Answer: Infrastructure includes transportation, energy, and communication systems that support economic activities and improve quality of life.

Question 1: Which sector contributed the most to Nigeria's GDP in recent years?

Answer: Oil and gas

Question 2: Name the capital city of Nigeria.

Answer: Abuja

Question 3: Identify two regions in Nigeria that experience significant economic disparities.

Answer: The Niger Delta and Northern Nigeria

Question 4: What role does the oil industry play in Nigeria's economy?

Answer: Oil exports are Nigeria’s main source of revenue, accounting for a large proportion of GDP and foreign exchange earnings.

Question 1: Based on the case study, describe the economic benefits Nigeria has gained from oil exports.

Answer: Nigeria has experienced increased national income, foreign investment, and infrastructure development in oil-producing regions, boosting economic growth.

Question 2: Identify two challenges Nigeria faces due to reliance on oil exports.

Answer: Economic volatility due to fluctuating oil prices and environmental degradation in oil-producing areas.

Question 3: Explain how urbanization in Lagos has impacted economic activities in Nigeria.

Answer: Urbanization has led to increased demand for goods and services, the growth of industries, and challenges such as congestion and pollution.

Question 4: Describe the Nigerian government's strategies to diversify the economy beyond oil.

Answer: Strategies include promoting agriculture, developing manufacturing industries, and investing in infrastructure to attract foreign investment.

Question 1: Explain why Nigeria experiences regional disparities in economic development.

Answer: Disparities are caused by differences in resource distribution, infrastructure, access to education, and political stability, with the Niger Delta being wealthier due to oil, while the North remains less developed.

Question 2: Analyse the causes of urban growth in Lagos.

Answer: Causes include rural-urban migration, job opportunities, better services, and infrastructure development, leading to rapid population increase.

Question 3: Explain how Nigeria's resource wealth has both benefited and challenged its development.

Answer: Resource wealth has boosted economic growth and infrastructure, but over-reliance on oil has led to economic vulnerability, corruption, and environmental issues.

Question 1: To what extent has Nigeria's focus on oil exports hindered sustainable development? Evaluate using examples.

Answer: Nigeria's reliance on oil has generated significant revenue and development, but it has also caused economic volatility, environmental degradation, and neglect of other sectors. While oil has spurred growth, over-dependence has made the economy vulnerable to global price fluctuations. Diversification efforts aim to reduce this dependence, but progress has been slow. Sustainable development requires balancing resource extraction with environmental management, investment in education, and infrastructure diversification. Overall, reliance on oil has both advanced and hindered Nigeria's sustainable development, depending on how effectively strategies are implemented.

Question 2: Evaluate the effectiveness of Nigeria’s strategies to reduce regional disparities in economic development.

Answer: Nigeria has implemented policies to promote regional development, such as investments in infrastructure in less developed areas and efforts to diversify the economy. For example, initiatives in agriculture and industry aim to boost the North. However, challenges such as corruption, political instability, and poor infrastructure have limited success. While some progress has been made, disparities remain significant, particularly between the oil-rich Niger Delta and northern regions. The effectiveness of these strategies is mixed; long-term sustainable change requires consistent policy enforcement, investment, and addressing social issues that hinder development.