Question 1: What is the term for lines that run east-west and measure north-south positions?

Answer: Latitude

Question 2: What is the term for lines that run north-south and measure east-west positions?

Answer: Longitude

Question 3: Which coordinate system is used to locate places on Earth?

Answer: Geographical coordinates

Question 4: Define the term 'equator'.

Answer: The imaginary line around the middle of Earth, dividing it into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

Question 5: What is the significance of the Prime Meridian?

Answer: It is the zero longitude line from which east and west are measured.

Question 1: Which of the following places is located near 51°N latitude and 0°E longitude?

Answer: London

Question 2: Name the coordinate system used to pinpoint locations worldwide.

Answer: Latitude and Longitude

Question 3: What is the approximate latitude of the equator?

Answer: 0°

Question 4: Identify the coordinate that defines Cairo's location.

Answer: 30°N, 31°E

Question 5: Which line of longitude is considered the starting point for measuring east and west?

Answer: Prime Meridian

Question 1: Based on the case study of Tokyo, which is located at approximately 35°N, 139°E, explain how its latitude and longitude influence its climate and time zone.

Answer: Tokyo's latitude (35°N) places it in a temperate zone, leading to distinct seasons, while its longitude (139°E) positions it in the Japan Standard Time zone, 9 hours ahead of GMT. These coordinates affect its climate patterns and daily schedule.

Question 2: Cairo's approximate coordinates are 30°N, 31°E. How do these coordinates affect its climate and daylight hours?

Answer: Cairo's latitude (30°N) results in a hot desert climate with high temperatures and clear skies, while its longitude (31°E) influences its position relative to the sun, affecting daylight hours, especially during summer and winter solstices.

Question 3: Using the case study of New York City at approximately 40°N, 74°W, discuss how its position influences its weather and seasonal changes.

Answer: New York's latitude (40°N) leads to four distinct seasons, with cold winters and warm summers. Its longitude (74°W) places it in the Eastern Time Zone, affecting daily routines and business hours.

Question 4: Explain how the concept of longitude is important for international travel and global communication, using examples from the case studies.

Answer: Longitude determines time zones, which are crucial for scheduling flights and international communication. For example, Tokyo's position affects its time difference with the UK, impacting business hours and travel itineraries.

Question 1: Analyse the causes of the variation in climate between locations at similar latitudes but different longitudes, such as Tokyo and Cairo.

Answer: Climate variation at similar latitudes is influenced by factors like proximity to oceans, prevailing winds, and elevation. Tokyo experiences a humid climate due to maritime influence, while Cairo's desert climate results from its position in the Sahara and distance from large water bodies.

Question 2: Explain why the Prime Meridian and the Equator are significant in global geography.

Answer: The Prime Meridian (0° longitude) divides the eastern and western hemispheres and is the basis for the global time zone system. The Equator (0° latitude) divides the northern and southern hemispheres and influences climate zones and day length.

Question 3: Describe how the lines of latitude influence global climate zones and weather patterns.

Answer: Lines of latitude determine the position of climate zones; higher latitudes have colder climates, while lower latitudes near the equator are warmer. These lines also influence weather patterns like prevailing winds and rainfall distribution.

Question 1: To what extent do you think Latitude and Longitude are essential for global navigation and understanding world geography? Evaluate their importance in modern society.

Answer: Latitude and Longitude are fundamental to modern navigation, enabling precise location pinpointing, GPS technology, and global communication. They underpin international travel, trade, and disaster response. However, some argue that technological advancements like digital maps reduce reliance on traditional coordinate systems. Overall, their importance remains crucial for accurate navigation and understanding geographical relationships worldwide.