Question 1: Name three major muscle groups found in the upper body.

Answer: The pectoral muscles, deltoid muscles, and biceps brachii.

Question 2: Describe the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles. Provide one example of each.

Answer: Voluntary muscles are muscles that are under conscious control, such as the biceps. Involuntary muscles are not under conscious control, such as the heart muscle.

Question 3: Explain how muscles contract during movement, including the roles of the agonist and antagonist muscles.

Answer: Muscle contraction occurs when the muscle fibers shorten, pulling on bones to produce movement. The agonist is the prime mover responsible for the movement, while the antagonist opposes the action to control or slow it down.

Question 4: Identify the main muscle involved in bending the elbow during a bicep curl.

Answer: The biceps brachii.

Question 5: List two functions of skeletal muscles in the human body.

Answer: Skeletal muscles facilitate movement and help maintain posture.

Question 6: Describe what happens to muscles during exercise that causes muscle fatigue.

Answer: During exercise, muscles consume more oxygen and energy, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid, depletion of glycogen stores, and fatigue, which causes muscles to weaken and reduce performance.

Question 7: Sketch a simple diagram of the biceps muscle in the upper arm. Label the origin, insertion, and belly of the muscle.

Answer: A correct sketch should show the biceps with the origin at the shoulder blade, the insertion at the radius in the forearm, and the belly as the thick, central part of the muscle. Labels should clearly identify each part.

Question 8: Explain why regular strength training can lead to muscle hypertrophy.

Answer: Regular strength training causes muscles to adapt by increasing the size and number of muscle fibers, leading to muscle hypertrophy to handle increased workload.

Question 9: Identify which muscle group is primarily responsible for extending the knee during activities like running or jumping.

Answer: The quadriceps femoris.

Question 10: Describe the process of muscle recovery after strenuous exercise.

Answer: Muscle recovery involves rest, replenishing energy stores, repairing damaged muscle fibers, and removing metabolic waste products like lactic acid. Proper nutrition and hydration also support recovery.