Question 1: Name three major muscles located in the upper body.

Answer: The biceps, triceps, and pectoral muscles.

Question 2: Describe the function of the quadriceps muscle during running.

Answer: The quadriceps muscle helps extend the knee and straightens the leg, which is essential for pushing off the ground during running.

Question 3: Identify which muscle is primarily responsible for bending the elbow.

Answer: The biceps brachii.

Question 4: Explain what happens to muscles during exercise that causes them to become sore.

Answer: Muscles become sore after exercise because of tiny tears in the muscle fibers and the buildup of lactic acid, which causes inflammation and discomfort.

Question 5: Draw a simple diagram of the human arm and label the biceps and triceps muscles. Ensure your labels are clear and accurate.

Answer: A correct sketch would show an outline of an arm with the upper arm muscles labeled: the biceps at the front of the upper arm and the triceps at the back. Labels should be clear, and the muscles should be positioned correctly anatomically.

Question 6: Which muscle group is mainly used during a sit-up exercise? Name at least one muscle involved.

Answer: The abdominal muscles, specifically the rectus abdominis.

Question 7: Describe how muscles work in pairs during movement, such as lifting and lowering your arm.

Answer: Muscles work in pairs called antagonistic pairs. When one muscle contracts to lift the arm (e.g., biceps), the opposing muscle (e.g., triceps) relaxes. When lowering the arm, the roles reverse.

Question 8: Sketch a simple diagram to show the location of the calf muscles. Label the muscle group involved in plantar flexion of the foot.

Answer: A correct sketch would show the back of the lower leg with the calf muscles highlighted and labeled as the gastrocnemius and soleus. The diagram should indicate their position at the back of the lower leg, just above the ankle.

Question 9: What are the two main types of muscle tissue found in the human body? Briefly describe their functions.

Answer: The two main types are skeletal muscles, which are voluntary muscles that move bones, and smooth muscles, which are involuntary muscles found in organs like the stomach that control internal processes.

Question 10: Explain why stretching before exercise is important for muscles.

Answer: Stretching helps increase the flexibility of muscles and reduces the risk of strains and injuries by preparing the muscles for activity.