Question 1: Explain the significance of the Four Noble Truths in Buddhism. Why are they considered fundamental to Buddhist teachings?

Answer: The Four Noble Truths are central to Buddhism because they identify the nature of suffering, its causes, and how it can be overcome. They teach that life involves suffering, suffering is caused by attachment and desire, and that ending desire leads to ending suffering through the Eightfold Path.

Question 2: Describe the role of meditation in Buddhist practice. How does meditation help a Buddhist on their spiritual journey?

Answer: Meditation in Buddhism helps practitioners develop mindfulness, concentration, and insight. It allows Buddhists to calm the mind, understand their thoughts and feelings, and progress towards enlightenment by deepening their awareness of the present moment.

Question 3: Identify and explain the symbolism of the Dharma Wheel (Bhavacakra) in Buddhism.

Answer: The Dharma Wheel symbolizes the Buddha’s teachings and the path to enlightenment. Its spokes represent the Noble Eightfold Path, and the circle signifies the cycle of samsara (rebirth). The wheel’s hub represents moral discipline and concentration.

Question 4: Sketch a simple diagram of the Buddhist Triple Gem. Label each part and briefly explain its significance.

Answer: A diagram showing three elements arranged in a triangle or three interconnected circles: the Buddha (the enlightened teacher), the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community of practitioners). The diagram should include labels and a brief note that these three are the core refuges in Buddhism.

Question 5: Compare the concepts of karma and rebirth in Buddhism. How are they connected?

Answer: Karma refers to the law of cause and effect, where good or bad actions influence future experiences. Rebirth is the cycle of being reborn into different realms based on one’s karma. Good karma can lead to a favorable rebirth, while bad karma can result in suffering in future lives.

Question 6: Describe what a Buddhist might do during Vesak (Buddha Day).

Answer: Buddhists celebrate Vesak by visiting temples, making offerings, meditating, and reflecting on the life and teachings of the Buddha. They may also participate in ceremonies and light lanterns to symbolize enlightenment.

Question 7: Draw a simplified representation of the Buddha seated in meditation. Use basic shapes and include a serene expression. Label the drawing with 'Buddha in Meditation'.

Answer: A correct sketch would depict a seated figure in a cross-legged position, with a calm face, elongated ears, and a topknot or ushnisha. The figure should be centered, with hands in a meditation mudra, and the label clearly indicating 'Buddha in Meditation'.

Question 8: What are the Three Refuges in Buddhism? Why do Buddhists take refuge in them?

Answer: The Three Refuges are the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha. Buddhists take refuge in them to seek guidance, protection, and support on their spiritual path, trusting in the enlightened teacher, the teachings, and the community.

Question 9: Explain the significance of the lotus flower in Buddhism. What does it symbolize?

Answer: The lotus flower symbolizes purity, spiritual awakening, and the potential for enlightenment. It grows in muddy water but rises above it, representing the journey from ignorance to enlightenment.

Question 10: Discuss the importance of ethical conduct in Buddhism. How does it relate to the goal of enlightenment?

Answer: Ethical conduct, such as practicing kindness, honesty, and non-harm, is essential in Buddhism because it cultivates mental clarity and moral discipline. It helps reduce negative karma and supports progress toward enlightenment by fostering inner peace and compassion.