Question 1: Describe the significance of the Shahada in Islam and explain what it means for Muslims when they recite it.

Answer: The Shahada is the Islamic declaration of faith, stating 'There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is his Messenger.' It signifies a Muslim's belief in the oneness of God and the acceptance of Muhammad as God's prophet. Reciting the Shahada is the first step in becoming a Muslim and demonstrates commitment to Islamic beliefs.

Question 2: List the Five Pillars of Islam and briefly explain the purpose of each.

Answer: The Five Pillars are: 1) Shahada - declaration of faith, affirming belief in one God and Muhammad as His messenger; 2) Salah - five daily prayers to worship and connect with God; 3) Zakat - giving to charity to support those in need; 4) Sawm - fasting during Ramadan to develop self-discipline and empathy; 5) Hajj - pilgrimage to Mecca, symbolising unity and obedience to God.

Question 3: Explain the significance of the Kaaba in Mecca for Muslims worldwide.

Answer: The Kaaba is the most sacred site in Islam, located in Mecca. Muslims believe it was built by Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) and his son Ismail. It is the direction (Qibla) towards which Muslims pray and the focal point of the Hajj pilgrimage.

Question 4: Describe what Muslims do during the month of Ramadan and explain why this is important.

Answer: During Ramadan, Muslims fast from dawn to sunset, abstaining from food, drink, and other physical needs. This practice is important because it fosters self-discipline, spiritual reflection, and empathy for those who are less fortunate. It commemorates the month when the Quran was first revealed to Prophet Muhammad.

Question 5: Draw a simple diagram to illustrate the basic structure of a mosque, including the minaret, prayer hall, and mihrab. Label each part.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a building with a tall tower (minaret) attached or near the mosque, a large open space (prayer hall), and an alcove (mihrab) indicating the qibla wall. Labels should clearly identify each part.

Question 6: Discuss the role of prophets in Islam, mentioning at least two prophets and their significance.

Answer: Prophets are messengers chosen by God to guide humanity. In Islam, prophets like Ibrahim (Abraham) and Musa (Moses) are highly revered. Ibrahim is considered the ancestor of many Arab tribes and exemplifies unwavering faith, while Musa received the Torah and led the Israelites out of Egypt, demonstrating obedience to God.

Question 7: What is the significance of the Eid al-Fitr celebration for Muslims? Describe how it is typically observed.

Answer: Eid al-Fitr marks the end of Ramadan and is a celebration of fasting and spiritual renewal. Muslims attend special prayers, give charity (Zakat al-Fitr), wear new clothes, and share festive meals with family and community to thank God and celebrate their faith.

Question 8: Identify and explain one key difference between Sunni and Shia Islam.

Answer: One key difference is in the leadership after Prophet Muhammad's death. Sunnis believe the leader should be elected, while Shia Muslims believe leadership should stay within the Prophet's family, specifically through Ali, his cousin and son-in-law.

Question 9: Explain the importance of charity (Zakat) in Islam and how it benefits both the individual and society.

Answer: Zakat is a religious obligation to give a portion of one's wealth to those in need. It purifies the giver's wealth and soul, promotes social equality, and helps reduce poverty, fostering a sense of community and compassion among Muslims.