Question 1: Describe the significance of the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court case of 1954. Why was it a turning point in the Civil Rights Movement?

Answer: The Brown v. Board of Education case declared that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, overturning the 'separate but equal' doctrine. It was a turning point because it challenged racial segregation legally and inspired further activism for civil rights.

Question 2: Explain the purpose of the Montgomery Bus Boycott and identify the key figure associated with it.

Answer: The Montgomery Bus Boycott was organized to protest racial segregation on public buses. It aimed to end unfair treatment of African Americans and was led by Martin Luther King Jr., who became a prominent civil rights leader.

Question 3: List three methods of protest used during the Civil Rights Movement and give an example of each.

Answer: 1. Sit-ins, such as students sitting at segregated lunch counters to demand integration. 2. Marches, like the Selma to Montgomery marches. 3. Legal challenges, such as lawsuits against segregation laws.

Question 4: Describe the role of Martin Luther King Jr. in the Civil Rights Movement. Mention one famous speech he delivered.

Answer: Martin Luther King Jr. was a leader who promoted nonviolent protest and civil disobedience to end racial segregation. He played a key role in organizing protests and inspiring change. His famous 'I Have a Dream' speech called for racial equality and harmony.

Question 5: Explain the impact of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Answer: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. It ended segregation in public places and employment, marking a major legal victory for civil rights.

Question 6: Describe the significance of the March on Washington in 1963.

Answer: The March on Washington was a large rally for civil rights held in Washington D.C., where Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his 'I Have a Dream' speech. It drew national attention to the fight for racial equality.

Question 7: Compare the strategies of nonviolent protest and violent resistance within the Civil Rights Movement. Provide one advantage of each.

Answer: Nonviolent protest aimed to gain moral high ground and public sympathy, making it more effective in gaining support and legal change. Violent resistance could sometimes force authorities to respond, drawing attention to injustices, but risked alienating public opinion and leading to backlash.

Question 8: Sketch a simple poster promoting a peaceful civil rights march. Label key features such as slogans, symbols, and date.

Answer: A correct sketch would include a large central slogan like 'Equality for All', symbols like doves or banners, and space for the date and location of the march.

Question 9: Identify and explain the significance of one key African American leader other than Martin Luther King Jr. who contributed to the Civil Rights Movement.

Answer: One key leader was Malcolm X, who advocated for Black empowerment and self-defense. His approach contrasted with King's nonviolent methods, and he played a vital role in encouraging Black pride and activism.

Question 10: Explain how the Civil Rights Movement influenced other social justice movements worldwide.

Answer: The Civil Rights Movement provided a blueprint for nonviolent protest and legal challenges, inspiring other movements for equality and justice around the world, such as anti-apartheid efforts in South Africa.