Question 1: Explain two reasons why the British Empire expanded during the 19th century.

Answer: Possible reasons include the desire for economic gain through access to new resources and markets, and the belief in cultural superiority, often justified by ideas of the 'civilizing mission.'

Question 2: Describe the concept of 'Imperialism' and how it differed from 'Colonialism'.

Answer: Imperialism is the policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force, often involving control over other nations. Colonialism specifically refers to settling and governing colonies in foreign lands.

Question 3: Identify three countries that were part of the British Empire at its height and mention one key colony or territory in each.

Answer: United Kingdom - India; Australia - New South Wales; Canada - Quebec.

Question 4: Discuss two ways in which the British Empire affected indigenous populations in its colonies.

Answer: Indigenous populations often faced displacement from their lands and were subjected to cultural assimilation policies, which sometimes led to loss of their languages and traditions.

Question 5: Analyze the economic benefits that Britain gained from its empire during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

Answer: Britain gained access to raw materials like cotton, tea, and minerals, which fueled its industries. The empire also provided new markets for British manufactured goods, boosting economic growth.

Question 6: Draw a simplified map sketch showing the approximate global extent of the British Empire at its peak. Label key regions such as North America, Africa, Asia, and Australasia.

Answer: A large map with shaded areas indicating Britain’s control across multiple continents, with labels for North America, Africa, Asia, and Australasia. The sketch should show the widespread reach of the empire.

Question 7: Explain how the British Empire influenced the spread of English language and culture around the world.

Answer: The British Empire established English as a global lingua franca through administration, education, and trade, leading to its widespread use today. British cultural practices, legal systems, and institutions were also adopted in many colonies.

Question 8: Identify a major resistance movement or rebellion against British rule and briefly describe its significance.

Answer: The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising that challenged British authority, leading to the end of the Mughal Empire and the establishment of direct rule by Britain, marking a turning point in colonial resistance.

Question 9: Evaluate the long-term impacts of the British Empire's decline after World War II.

Answer: The decline led to the independence of many former colonies, shaping the modern geopolitical landscape. It also prompted Britain to redefine its national identity and shift towards a focus on international diplomacy and the Commonwealth.