Question 1: Who was the first Stuart king to rule England, and in what year did he begin his reign?

Answer: James I, who began his reign in 1603.

Question 2: Describe one reason why King Charles I believed he had divine right to rule.

Answer: He believed he was appointed by God and therefore had the authority to govern without Parliament.

Question 3: Explain what caused the English Civil War to break out.

Answer: The conflict was caused by disagreements over royal authority, taxes, and religious reforms, leading to tensions between the King and Parliament.

Question 4: Describe what happened during the trial and execution of King Charles I.

Answer: Charles I was put on trial by Parliament, found guilty of treason, and was executed by beheading in 1649, ending his reign.

Question 5: Explain the significance of the Glorious Revolution of 1688.

Answer: It was a peaceful overthrow of King James II, leading to William and Mary taking the throne and establishing constitutional monarchy.

Question 6: Identify two changes in government that resulted from the Glorious Revolution.

Answer: The Bill of Rights was passed, limiting royal power, and Parliament gained greater control over laws and finances.

Question 7: Describe the main differences between the monarchy under James I and the monarchy after the Glorious Revolution.

Answer: Under James I, the monarchy had more absolute power, whereas after the Glorious Revolution, power shifted towards Parliament, and the monarchy became constitutional.

Question 8: Draw a simple timeline showing the key events: James I's accession, Charles I's execution, and the Glorious Revolution.

Answer: A timeline with three points: 1603 - James I becomes king; 1649 - Charles I is executed; 1688 - Glorious Revolution occurs.

Question 9: Sketch a basic diagram illustrating the relationship between the King, Parliament, and the People during the early Stuart period. Label each part clearly.

Answer: A diagram with three circles or boxes labeled 'King,' 'Parliament,' and 'People,' showing interactions—such as the King ruling, Parliament making laws, and the People being subjects under the law.

Question 10: What was the Petition of Right, and why was it important?

Answer: The Petition of Right was a document signed in 1628 that limited the King's power, especially regarding taxes and imprisonment, marking a move towards constitutional law.

Question 11: Explain the role of Oliver Cromwell during the English Civil War and the period after the monarchy was abolished.

Answer: Oliver Cromwell was a leader of the Parliament forces, and after the execution of Charles I, he became Lord Protector, ruling as a de facto dictator until the monarchy was restored.