Question 1: Describe the main reasons why Henry VIII decided to break away from the Catholic Church and establish the Church of England.

Answer: Henry VIII wanted to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon but was refused by the Pope. He sought to control religious matters in England and increase his power, leading to the break from Rome and the creation of the Church of England.

Question 2: Explain the significance of the Act of Supremacy of 1534 in the context of Tudor England.

Answer: The Act of Supremacy declared Henry VIII as the Supreme Head of the Church of England, establishing royal authority over religious matters and marking the formal break from the authority of the Pope.

Question 3: Identify three major consequences of the Dissolution of the Monasteries during Henry VIII’s reign.

Answer: The dissolution led to the closure of monasteries, the redistribution of monastic lands to nobles and the crown, and a reduction in the power and influence of the Catholic Church in England.

Question 4: Compare the religious policies of Henry VIII and Elizabeth I. How did they differ?

Answer: Henry VIII’s policies focused on breaking from Rome and establishing the Church of England with himself as head, often through acts like the Act of Supremacy. Elizabeth I adopted a more moderate approach with the Elizabethan Religious Settlement, which aimed to unify the country by establishing the Anglican Church as a middle ground between Catholicism and Protestantism, and she enforced laws more leniently.

Question 5: Describe the social and economic impacts of the Tudor expansion into Ireland.

Answer: Tudor expansion led to increased English control and settlement in Ireland, causing social tensions between the English settlers and the Irish. Economically, it opened new markets and land for exploitation but also led to conflict and resistance from Irish clans.

Question 6: Sketch a simple map showing the approximate locations of England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales during the Tudor period. Label each region clearly.

Answer: A basic outline map with four main regions: England in the south, Ireland to the west, Scotland in the north, and Wales to the west of England. Each region should be labeled distinctly.

Question 7: Explain how the marriage of Henry VIII to Anne Boleyn affected England’s religious and political landscape.

Answer: Henry’s marriage to Anne Boleyn led to the break with Catholic Rome, the establishment of the Church of England, and increased royal authority. It also created political tensions, as the marriage was controversial and led to the execution of Anne when she failed to produce a male heir.

Question 8: Identify and explain two reasons why the Tudor monarchy was able to consolidate power during this period.

Answer: The Tudors used strategic marriages and alliances to strengthen their position, and they centralized authority through reforms like the Reformation Parliament, which increased royal control over religion and government.

Question 9: Evaluate the impact of the Spanish Armada of 1588 on England’s national identity and military reputation.

Answer: The defeat of the Spanish Armada boosted English national pride and established England as a formidable naval power. It also symbolized resistance against Catholic Spain and strengthened Elizabeth I’s authority.