Question 1: Describe the structure of a typical medieval church, including the main parts and their functions.

Answer: A typical medieval church had a nave for the congregation, a chancel or choir for the clergy, an altar at the front, and often a tower or steeple. The nave was where people gathered, the chancel was used for religious ceremonies, and the altar was the focal point for worship.

Question 2: Explain why the Church was considered the most powerful institution in medieval Europe.

Answer: The Church was powerful because it controlled land, wealth, and education. It influenced kings and rulers, provided spiritual guidance, and was involved in everyday life through rituals, laws, and moral authority.

Question 3: List three duties or roles of monks within a medieval monastery.

Answer: Monks copied manuscripts, prayed and performed religious services, and maintained the monastery's grounds and food supplies.

Question 4: Describe the significance of the pilgrimage to Canterbury and what it involved.

Answer: The pilgrimage to Canterbury was a journey to the shrine of Saint Thomas Becket. It was significant because it was a demonstration of faith, a way to seek healing or miracles, and it increased the influence of the church and local economy.

Question 5: Draw a simple floor plan of a typical medieval church, labeling the nave, chancel, altar, and tower.

Answer: A large rectangular space divided into a front section (chancel and altar) and a larger rear section (nave). The tower is usually at the entrance or above the nave. Label each part accordingly.

Question 6: Explain what excommunication meant and its impact on a person in medieval society.

Answer: Excommunication was when a person was expelled from the Church, meaning they could not participate in religious sacraments. It often led to social isolation and loss of influence, as the Church's approval was vital.

Question 7: Identify and describe two ways the Church influenced medieval education.

Answer: The Church ran schools and monasteries where they taught reading, writing, and religious studies. They also preserved ancient texts and promoted learning based on religious teachings.

Question 8: Sketch a medieval manuscript used in church services and describe key features it would have.

Answer: A large, decorated manuscript with illuminated initials, religious images, and Latin text. It was often handwritten on vellum or parchment and used in liturgical settings.

Question 9: What role did the Church play in medieval justice and law? Provide two examples.

Answer: The Church judged moral crimes like heresy and blasphemy, often sentencing offenders to penance or excommunication. It also influenced secular laws and sometimes had its own courts.

Question 10: Explain the importance of the Feast of Corpus Christi in medieval religious life.

Answer: The Feast of Corpus Christi celebrated the presence of Christ in the Eucharist. It involved processions through towns and villages, reinforcing the community’s faith and the Church’s authority.