Question 1: Describe the structure of the medieval Church hierarchy, listing the main positions from the highest to the lowest.

Answer: The main positions in the medieval Church hierarchy were the Pope at the top, followed by cardinals, bishops, priests, and deacons.

Question 2: Explain two reasons why the Church was so powerful in medieval England.

Answer: The Church was powerful because it controlled large amounts of land and wealth, and it was the main provider of education and social services.

Question 3: What was the purpose of a medieval monastery, and how did monks contribute to society?

Answer: A medieval monastery was a religious community where monks prayed, worked, and provided charity. Monks contributed by copying manuscripts, caring for the sick, and helping the poor.

Question 4: Identify and describe two key beliefs of medieval Christianity that influenced everyday life.

Answer: Key beliefs included the importance of salvation through good works and faith, and the idea that the Church was the bridge between humans and God.

Question 5: Explain what a pilgrimage was and why it was important to medieval Christians.

Answer: A pilgrimage was a journey to a holy site, such as Canterbury or Jerusalem, undertaken to seek spiritual benefits, forgiveness of sins, or divine favor.

Question 6: Draw a simple diagram of a typical medieval church, indicating the nave, altar, and tower. Label each part.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a rectangular building with a front tower, a long central nave for congregations, and an altar at the east end.

Question 7: Describe how the Church influenced the laws and governance of medieval England.

Answer: The Church influenced laws through canon law and often worked alongside kings, with church courts handling moral and religious issues and sometimes affecting royal decisions.

Question 8: What was the significance of the Magna Carta in limiting the power of the King and increasing the influence of the Church?

Answer: The Magna Carta limited the King's power, protected rights of nobles, and confirmed the Church's rights, ensuring it remained a powerful institution.

Question 9: Identify one example of a conflict between the Church and the monarchy during the medieval period and briefly explain its significance.

Answer: The conflict between King Henry II and Thomas Becket was significant because it highlighted tensions over church independence; Henry's efforts to control church courts led to Becket's murder.

Question 10: Sketch a plan of a medieval cathedral’s floor, including the main features such as the nave, choir, and transept. Provide labels for each part.

Answer: A correct sketch would depict a large cross-shaped layout with a central nave, a choir area near the altar, and transept arms crossing the nave at right angles.