Question 1: Define the term 'feudalism' and explain its main purpose in medieval society.

Answer: Feudalism was a social and economic system in medieval Europe where land was exchanged for loyalty and service. Its main purpose was to organize society into a hierarchy that provided protection and stability.

Question 2: Describe the role of a lord within the feudal system.

Answer: A lord was a landowner who granted land to vassals or knights in exchange for military service and loyalty. Lords managed their estates and provided protection to their peasants.

Question 3: What responsibilities did peasants or serfs have under feudalism?

Answer: Peasants or serfs worked the land for their lord, paid rent or taxes, and provided services. They had to remain on the land and could not leave without permission.

Question 4: Explain the relationship between a vassal and a lord. How did this relationship benefit both parties?

Answer: A vassal swore loyalty and provided military service to a lord in return for land or protection. This relationship provided the lord with soldiers and support, while vassals gained land and status.

Question 5: Identify three features that were typically found in a medieval manor.

Answer: A manor usually included a lord’s manor house, peasant cottages, farmland, a mill, and a church.

Question 6: Draw a diagram showing the hierarchy of feudal society. Label the different levels, such as king, noble, knight, and peasant.

Answer: A correct sketch would depict a pyramid or vertical hierarchy with the king at the top, followed by nobles, then knights, and finally peasants or serfs at the bottom.

Question 7: Describe how the system of land exchange worked between a lord and a knight.

Answer: The lord granted land (a fief) to the knight, who promised to serve as a soldier and provide loyalty. In return, the knight gained income and status.

Question 8: What was the main purpose of a castle in a feudal society?

Answer: A castle served as a fortress for protection, a residence for the lord, and a symbol of power and control over the surrounding land.

Question 9: Sketch a simple layout of a typical medieval village or manor, including key features such as the lord’s house, church, and farmland. Label each part.

Answer:

Question 10: In what ways did the feudal system influence medieval society and its stability?

Answer: Feudalism created a structured society with clear roles, providing order and mutual obligations. It helped maintain stability through loyalty, protection, and local governance.