Question 1: Describe the common belief about the cause of disease during medieval times.

Answer: Many people believed that disease was caused by bad air, or 'miasma', and that it could be prevented by keeping the environment clean or using herbs.

Question 2: Name two methods that medieval doctors used to diagnose illnesses.

Answer: Medieval doctors often relied on examining a patient's urine and looking at their tongue to diagnose illnesses.

Question 3: Explain why hospitals in medieval times were different from modern hospitals.

Answer: Medieval hospitals were mainly places for the poor and were often run by religious groups. They were basic, with little advanced equipment, and focused on prayer and rest rather than scientific treatment.

Question 4: List two treatments that were commonly used in medieval medicine.

Answer: Common treatments included bloodletting and the use of herbal remedies.

Question 5: Explain the role of the Church in medieval medicine.

Answer: The Church played a central role by providing hospitals, promoting prayer as a cure, and believing that illness could be a punishment from God.

Question 6: Describe what a medieval barber-surgeon did during a medical procedure.

Answer: A barber-surgeon performed tasks like bloodletting, pulling teeth, and minor surgeries, often using simple tools and sometimes without proper sterilization.

Question 7: Sketch a simple diagram of a medieval treatment room, including at least two items you might find there.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a basic room with a bed or bench, a jar of herbs or ointments, and possibly a simple surgical tool or leech for bloodletting.

Question 8: Explain why medieval doctors often relied on superstition and astrology when treating patients.

Answer: They lacked scientific knowledge and believed that celestial bodies influenced health, so they used astrology to diagnose and decide treatments.

Question 9: Describe how the Black Death affected people's views on medicine and health in medieval Europe.

Answer: The Black Death made many people believe that divine punishment caused the plague, leading to increased reliance on prayer, superstition, and ineffective treatments instead of scientific methods.

Question 10: Identify one long-term impact of medieval medicine on later medical practices.

Answer: One long-term impact was the development of hospitals and the idea of caring for the sick, which laid groundwork for later improvements in medical care.