Question 1: Describe two common beliefs about the causes of illness in Medieval Europe.

Answer: Many believed that illnesses were caused by evil spirits or miasma (bad air). Some thought that God sent illnesses as punishment for sins.

Question 2: Explain the role of a barber-surgeon in Medieval medicine. What treatments might they perform?

Answer: Barber-surgeons performed bloodletting, leeching, and minor surgeries. They also cut hair and performed basic medical procedures.

Question 3: List three methods that Medieval doctors used to diagnose illnesses.

Answer: Observing the patient's urine and stool, checking the pulse, and examining the patient's symptoms and appearance.

Question 4: Identify two limitations of medical knowledge during the Medieval period.

Answer: Doctors lacked understanding of germs and bacteria, and they often relied on incorrect ideas like the four humours, which limited effective treatment.

Question 5: Describe the purpose of a monastery's herbal garden in Medieval medicine.

Answer: Herbal gardens provided plants and herbs used to treat various illnesses, based on the belief that certain herbs had healing properties.

Question 6: Sketch a simple diagram of a Medieval medicine garden. Label at least three different herbs or plants that might be found there.

Answer: A rough sketch of a garden with labeled herbs such as lavender, rosemary, and thyme. The sketch should include basic plant shapes and labels.

Question 7: Explain why the church had a significant influence on medicine in Medieval Europe.

Answer: The church controlled many hospitals and believed that faith and prayer were essential for healing. It also promoted the idea that illness was a punishment from God.

Question 8: Compare the approach to medicine in Medieval times with modern medicine in two ways.

Answer: Medieval medicine relied heavily on superstition, herbs, and prayer, while modern medicine uses scientific research, technology, and antibiotics. Medieval doctors had limited understanding of the body, unlike today.

Question 9: Describe one way in which Medieval medicine was improved or changed during the later part of the period.

Answer: The translation of Ancient Greek and Roman texts, such as those by Galen, helped preserve medical knowledge, though it was still based on incorrect ideas initially.

Question 10: Imagine you are a Medieval healer. Write a short paragraph explaining how you would treat a patient suffering from a fever.

Answer: I would examine the patient's symptoms, perhaps check their urine, and then recommend remedies such as herbal drinks, bloodletting, or prayer to heal the fever. I might also advise rest and keeping the patient warm.