Question 1: Describe how the ideas of Galen influenced medical practice during the Renaissance. Include at least two specific examples.

Answer: Galen's ideas dominated medical thinking during the Renaissance, such as the belief that the body was made up of four humours. Many doctors relied on his teachings, which delayed new discoveries. For example, Galen's view that blood was produced in the liver and consumed in the body was widely accepted.

Question 2: Explain why the invention of the printing press was important for medical knowledge during the Renaissance.

Answer: The printing press allowed medical books and ideas to be copied and distributed more widely, making new ideas accessible to more people. This helped spread knowledge about human anatomy and new treatments more quickly.

Question 3: Identify two new methods or ideas introduced by Renaissance doctors that challenged traditional Galenic medicine.

Answer: Renaissance doctors began to perform human dissections to better understand anatomy, challenging the reliance on ancient texts. They also promoted the use of herbal remedies and experiments to find new cures, moving away from solely relying on classical ideas.

Question 4: Describe the significance of Andreas Vesalius in the history of medicine during the Renaissance.

Answer: Andreas Vesalius was a pioneering anatomist who published 'De humani corporis fabrica,' which corrected many errors in Galen’s work through detailed human dissections. His work advanced understanding of human anatomy significantly.

Question 5: Why did many physicians continue to follow Galen’s ideas even after Vesalius published his findings?

Answer: Galen’s ideas had been accepted for centuries, and many physicians trusted his authority. Changing long-standing beliefs was difficult, and some doubted Vesalius’s new findings or lacked the skills to perform dissections.

Question 6: Discuss how the use of herbal remedies changed during the Renaissance. What was the main reason for this change?

Answer: Herbal remedies became more systematically used and studied, partly due to the increased availability of printed herbal texts. Renaissance doctors began to experiment with herbs based on their own observations, moving away from solely relying on ancient texts.

Question 7: Draw a simple diagram of a human skeleton, labeling at least five key bones. Use the space below.

Answer: A correct sketch would clearly depict a human skeleton with labeled bones such as the skull, ribcage, pelvis, femur, and humerus.

Question 8: Sketch a diagram of a basic herbal garden used for medicine during the Renaissance. Include at least four different plants and label them.

Answer: A clear drawing would show a garden layout with four distinct plants, each labeled, such as lavender, comfrey, sage, and yarrow.

Question 9: Explain the importance of dissections during the Renaissance and how they contributed to medical progress.

Answer: Dissections allowed doctors to see the actual structure of the human body, challenging incorrect ideas from ancient texts and helping to develop more accurate anatomical knowledge, which improved medical treatment.

Question 10: Identify and explain one challenge Renaissance doctors faced when trying to improve medical knowledge.

Answer: One challenge was the limited availability of cadavers for dissection due to legal restrictions and social taboos, which made it difficult for doctors to perform dissections and learn anatomy.