Question 1: Describe two reasons why the British Empire expanded during the 19th century.

Answer: Possible reasons include economic motives such as access to resources and markets, and strategic reasons like controlling important trade routes and colonies for military advantage.

Question 2: Explain the significance of the phrase 'The sun never sets on the British Empire'.

Answer: It means that the British Empire was so vast that at any given time, some part of it was daylight, symbolizing its global reach and extensive territorial holdings.

Question 3: Identify three territories that were part of the British Empire in Africa during the 20th century.

Answer: Examples include Nigeria, Kenya, and South Africa.

Question 4: Discuss the impact of British imperial rule on India during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

Answer: British rule led to economic exploitation, infrastructural development like railways, cultural changes, but also caused social disruption, economic hardship for many Indians, and contributed to the rise of Indian independence movements.

Question 5: Imagine you are a British colonist in Africa during the late 19th century. Write a brief diary entry describing your daily life and your views on the local population.

Answer: A suitable diary entry would include descriptions of daily routines, interactions with local people, and personal opinions, which may range from admiration to dismissiveness, reflecting imperial attitudes of the time.

Question 6: Draw a simple sketch of a typical colonial settlement layout, including key features such as a fort, administrative building, and local marketplace. Use the space below.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a central fort, with administrative offices nearby, and a marketplace area, with roads connecting these features. The sketch should be clear and proportionate.

Question 7: Explain how the concept of 'civilising missions' was used to justify British imperialism.

Answer: The British claimed they were bringing civilization, education, Christianity, and progress to 'uncivilized' peoples, which was used to justify their control and exploitation of colonies.

Question 8: List two major consequences of decolonisation after World War II.

Answer: Examples include the independence of former colonies and the challenge of establishing stable governments, as well as ongoing economic and social issues in post-colonial states.

Question 9: Assess the long-term effects of British imperialism on one country of your choice.

Answer: Students should choose a country such as India, Kenya, or Australia, and discuss effects such as economic development, cultural changes, political structures, or social tensions that persist today.

Question 10: Describe the role of the British Empire during the two World Wars.

Answer: The British Empire contributed troops, resources, and logistical support, and its colonies played significant roles in both wars, which also accelerated decolonisation after 1945.