Question 1: Explain two reasons why the British Empire expanded during the 19th century.

Answer: Possible reasons include the desire for economic resources and trade, the spread of British culture and influence, competition with other European powers, and the belief in the civilizing mission.

Question 2: Describe the role of the British East India Company in establishing British control in India.

Answer: The British East India Company initially traded with India but gradually took control through military conquest and alliances, eventually ruling large parts of India before the British Crown took direct control in 1858.

Question 3: Identify and explain one positive and one negative impact of British imperialism on India.

Answer: A positive impact was the development of infrastructure, such as railways and telegraphs. A negative impact was the exploitation of Indian resources and people, leading to economic and social inequalities.

Question 4: Sketch a simple map showing the main regions of the British Empire at its height. Label at least three continents or regions.

Answer: A correct sketch would show large areas marked as Africa, Asia, and the Pacific, with key colonies or territories labeled, such as India, South Africa, and Australia.

Question 5: Discuss one reason for the decline of the British Empire after World War II.

Answer: One reason was the rise of independence movements in colonies, supported by changing attitudes towards colonialism and the economic strain of maintaining the empire after the war.

Question 6: Describe how British policies in Kenya during the 1950s affected local communities.

Answer: British policies included the detention of many Kenyans during the Mau Mau uprising, land confiscations, and restrictions on political activities, which caused significant hardship for local communities.

Question 7: Identify two ways in which the legacy of the British Empire is still visible in modern countries.

Answer: Examples include the widespread use of the English language and the legal and political systems based on British models.

Question 8: Explain what is meant by the term 'imperialism' and how it differs from 'colonialism'.

Answer: 'Imperialism' refers to a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. 'Colonialism' specifically involves direct control and settlement of territories by a foreign power.