Question 1: Describe two economic reasons why tensions increased between King Charles I and Parliament in the years leading up to the Civil War.

Answer: Possible reasons include Parliament's opposition to taxes like Ship Money and the King's refusal to call Parliament regularly, which caused financial and political strain.

Question 2: Explain how the conflict over religion contributed to the outbreak of the English Civil War.

Answer: Religious differences, such as Parliament's opposition to the Catholic influences perceived in the King's policies and the attempt to impose Anglican practices, increased tensions between the monarchy and Parliament.

Question 3: Identify and briefly describe the significance of the Battle of Edgehill.

Answer: The Battle of Edgehill was the first major battle of the Civil War, demonstrating that both sides were willing to fight seriously, but it ended inconclusively, showing the war would be prolonged.

Question 4: Discuss the role of Oliver Cromwell during the Civil War.

Answer: Oliver Cromwell was a leading Parliamentarian commander who played a key role in several victories. He later became Lord Protector, leading the Commonwealth after the monarchy was abolished.

Question 5: Draw a simple timeline showing three key events of the English Civil War. Label each event and its approximate date.

Answer: A correct timeline should include: 1) The outbreak of war in 1642, 2) The execution of King Charles I in 1649, 3) The start of the Protectorate under Cromwell in 1653.

Question 6: What were the main consequences of the English Civil War for the monarchy?

Answer: The main consequences included the abolition of the monarchy, the execution of Charles I, and the establishment of a republic known as the Commonwealth.

Question 7: Identify two reasons why the Parliamentarians won the Civil War.

Answer: Reasons include their superior military organization and leadership, such as Cromwell’s New Model Army, and better control of key strategic locations.

Question 8: Sketch a political cartoon or scene that illustrates the tension between King Charles I and Parliament. Use labels to explain the symbolism in your drawing.

Answer: A correct sketch might depict the King and Parliament as two figures in conflict, possibly with symbols like a crown, a sword, or scales of justice to represent power struggles and disagreements.

Question 9: Explain the significance of the trial and execution of King Charles I.

Answer: It marked the first time a reigning monarch was tried and executed by his own people, symbolizing the rejection of absolute monarchy and the assertion of parliamentary sovereignty.

Question 10: Describe the role of the New Model Army in shaping the outcome of the Civil War.

Answer: The New Model Army was a disciplined, professional force that won decisive battles, contributed to the defeat of the Royalists, and was instrumental in the eventual abolition of the monarchy.