Question 1: Explain two main reasons why the Industrial Revolution started in Britain.

Answer: Possible reasons include Britain having abundant coal and iron resources, a strong navy and trade network, a large population of workers, and technological innovations.

Question 2: Describe how the invention of the spinning jenny impacted the textile industry.

Answer: The spinning jenny allowed one worker to spin multiple spools of thread at once, increasing production speed and reducing the need for skilled hand spinners.

Question 3: Identify three working conditions faced by factory workers during the Industrial Revolution.

Answer: Long working hours, low wages, dangerous environments, poor sanitation, and the risk of accidents.

Question 4: Describe the living conditions in industrial cities during the 19th century.

Answer: Many people lived in overcrowded, unsanitary housing with limited access to clean water and proper sanitation, leading to health problems.

Question 5: Explain the significance of the steam engine in the Industrial Revolution.

Answer: The steam engine provided a reliable source of power for factories and transportation, enabling industries to operate more efficiently and expanding economic growth.

Question 6: List two positive effects of the Industrial Revolution on society.

Answer: Increased production of goods and job opportunities, and the growth of cities and technological progress.

Question 7: List two negative effects of the Industrial Revolution on society.

Answer: Poor working and living conditions, and environmental pollution.

Question 8: Draw a simple diagram of a typical factory during the Industrial Revolution. Include labels for at least three parts, such as the main building, chimney, and entrance.

Answer: A large rectangular building with a tall chimney on one side, an entrance at the front, and possibly windows along the sides. Labels should clearly identify these parts.

Question 9: Sketch a worker operating a machine in a factory. The sketch should include the worker, the machine, and a safety feature such as a guard or barrier.

Answer: A person standing beside a machine with their hands near it, wearing basic protective gear or safety features like a guard or barrier around moving parts.

Question 10: Describe how the Industrial Revolution changed transportation methods during the 19th century.

Answer: It led to the development of steam-powered trains and ships, making transportation faster and more efficient, which facilitated trade and movement of people.

Question 11: Reflect on how the Industrial Revolution might have influenced the way people think about work and progress.

Answer: It encouraged ideas of innovation and technological progress, but also raised concerns about worker rights, working conditions, and the impact on society.