Question 1: Describe two reasons why William, Duke of Normandy, believed he had a right to claim the English throne before 1066.

Answer: William believed he had a right to the throne because he claimed Edward the Confessor had promised him the crown, and he argued that Harold Godwinson had sworn an oath to support William's claim during a visit to Normandy.

Question 2: Explain the significance of the Battle of Stamford Bridge and how it affected the Norman invasion.

Answer: The Battle of Stamford Bridge was fought in September 1066 between King Harold Godwinson's army and King Harald Hardrada of Norway. Its significance lies in weakening Harold's forces just before the Norman invasion, making Harold's army less prepared for the subsequent Battle of Hastings.

Question 3: List three methods William of Normandy used to establish control over England after 1066.

Answer: William built castles to secure key locations, replaced Anglo-Saxon nobles with Normans, and introduced a new feudal system to control land and loyalty.

Question 4: Discuss the impact of the Norman Conquest on the English language and culture.

Answer: The Norman Conquest introduced Norman French as the language of the ruling class, which heavily influenced the development of Middle English. It also led to changes in law, architecture, and culture, blending Norman and Anglo-Saxon traditions.

Question 5: Identify and explain two key features of the Domesday Book and its importance after the Norman Conquest.

Answer: The Domesday Book was a detailed survey of landholdings and resources across England, used to assess taxes. Its importance lies in helping William control his new kingdom and enforce his rule.

Question 6: Draw a simple sketch of a medieval castle, labeling at least four features such as the keep, moat, battlements, and gatehouse.

Answer: [Sketch should include a central tower (keep), surrounding water obstacle (moat), defensive walls with battlements on top, and an entrance gatehouse. The drawing should be proportionate and clearly labeled.]

Question 7: Evaluate the long-term effects of the Norman Conquest on the governance of England.

Answer: The Norman Conquest led to the centralization of royal authority, the development of a more structured feudal system, and the introduction of Norman legal practices. It also strengthened the monarchy's power and laid the foundations for a unified England.

Question 8: Explain how the Battle of Hastings in 1066 changed the political landscape of England.

Answer: The Battle of Hastings resulted in William of Normandy becoming king, ending Anglo-Saxon rule, and initiating Norman control over England, which significantly altered its political structure and leadership.

Question 9: Identify what the Bayeux Tapestry depicts and its significance as a historical source.

Answer: The Bayeux Tapestry depicts the events leading up to the Norman Conquest, including the Battle of Hastings. Its significance lies in providing a visual narrative of the invasion from a Norman perspective, offering insights into medieval life and warfare.