Question 1: Describe two reasons why William of Normandy wanted to invade England in 1066.

Answer: William wanted to claim the English throne because he believed he had a right to it, and he also sought to increase his power and landholdings in England.

Question 2: Explain the significance of the Battle of Hastings and what it resulted in.

Answer: The Battle of Hastings was a decisive victory for William, which led to him becoming King of England. It marked the end of Anglo-Saxon rule and the beginning of Norman control.

Question 3: List three changes William introduced to England after the conquest.

Answer: William introduced the Domesday Book to assess landholdings, built castles to establish Norman control, and replaced Anglo-Saxon nobles with Normans.

Question 4: Describe the events that led up to the Battle of Hastings.

Answer: King Harold of England was elected after Edward the Confessor's death, but William claimed Edward promised him the throne. Harold was crowned king, leading William to invade England to assert his claim. This resulted in the Battle of Hastings.

Question 5: Explain what the Domesday Book was and why William ordered it to be created.

Answer: The Domesday Book was a detailed survey of landholdings and resources in England, ordered by William to assess taxes and strengthen his control over the country.

Question 6: Sketch a simple diagram of a Norman castle and label its key parts, such as the keep, motte, and bailey.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a circular or rectangular mound (motte) with a tower (keep) on top, surrounded by an enclosed courtyard (bailey). Labels should clearly identify these features.

Question 7: Describe how the Norman invasion affected the social structure of England.

Answer: The invasion replaced many Anglo-Saxon nobles with Norman lords, creating a new feudal system where Normans held land and power, and most common people worked as peasants or serfs.

Question 8: Identify two ways in which William used castles to control England.

Answer: William built castles in strategic locations to defend territories and to serve as bases for Norman soldiers enforcing his rule.

Question 9: Discuss the impact of William’s victory on the culture and language of England.

Answer: William's victory introduced Norman culture and language, which influenced English law, architecture, and the development of the English language, incorporating many Norman French words.

Question 10: Explain why the Battle of Hastings is considered a turning point in English history.

Answer: It ended Anglo-Saxon rule, resulted in Norman dominance, and reshaped England’s political, social, and cultural landscape for centuries.