Question 1: Explain why the Church was considered the most powerful institution in medieval Europe.

Answer: The Church held spiritual authority over people's lives, owned large amounts of land, collected taxes (tithes), and influenced kings and rulers politically.

Question 2: Describe the main duties of a medieval monk within a monastery.

Answer: Monks conducted religious services, copied manuscripts, took care of the sick, and engaged in prayer and study.

Question 3: Identify three ways in which the Church influenced medieval people's daily life.

Answer: Attending church services, observing religious festivals, and following moral teachings; people also paid tithes and sought the Church's guidance.

Question 4: Discuss the significance of the pilgrimage to Canterbury and what it symbolized.

Answer: The pilgrimage to Canterbury was a religious journey to visit the shrine of Saint Thomas Becket, symbolizing faith, devotion, and seeking divine healing or forgiveness.

Question 5: Describe the structure of the medieval Church hierarchy from the lowest to the highest rank.

Answer: The hierarchy included priests at the local level, bishops overseeing multiple parishes, archbishops above bishops, and the Pope as the head of the Church.

Question 6: Explain the purpose of a medieval monastery and how it contributed to the community.

Answer: Monasteries served as religious centers, places of learning, and charity. They provided aid to the poor, preserved knowledge, and promoted spiritual life.

Question 7: Sketch a simple diagram of the layout of a typical medieval church or cathedral. Label the nave, altar, and tower.

Answer: A correct sketch shows a large rectangular nave at the center, with the altar at the east end, and a tower either at the entrance or in the middle. Labels should clearly identify each part.

Question 8: Why were church teachings and the Bible written in Latin during the medieval period?

Answer: Latin was the universal language of the Church and educated elites, allowing clergy from different regions to communicate and read religious texts.

Question 9: Describe the role of the Pope during the medieval period and give an example of his influence.

Answer: The Pope was the spiritual leader of all Christians, had authority over kings and rulers, and could excommunicate those who disobeyed Church laws. An example is the Pope's declaration during the Investiture Controversy.