Question 1: Describe the significance of Henry VIII's break from the Catholic Church and the establishment of the Church of England.

Answer: Henry VIII's break from the Catholic Church was significant because it allowed him to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn. This led to the creation of the Church of England, reducing the Pope's influence in England and increasing royal power.

Question 2: Explain two reasons why Elizabeth I's reign is considered a period of stability and prosperity in England.

Answer: Firstly, Elizabeth's religious policies aimed to create a moderate Protestant church that pleased many. Secondly, her successful defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 boosted national confidence and security.

Question 3: Identify and describe two challenges faced by Mary I during her reign.

Answer: Mary I faced religious conflict due to her attempt to restore Catholicism, which led to opposition from Protestants. She also dealt with opposition from her half-sister Elizabeth and political unrest related to her marriage to Philip II of Spain.

Question 4: Discuss the impact of the introduction of the printing press during the Tudor period.

Answer: The printing press allowed for the rapid spread of ideas, religious reform, and literacy. It helped to disseminate the ideas of figures like Martin Luther and made books more accessible to the common people, influencing public opinion and religious change.

Question 5: Draw a simple timeline showing the reigns of Henry VII, Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I. Label each monarch's name and approximate years of rule.

Answer: A timeline with five segments, each labeled with the monarch's name and their years of rule: Henry VII (1485–1509), Henry VIII (1509–1547), Edward VI (1547–1553), Mary I (1553–1558), Elizabeth I (1558–1603).

Question 6: Explain how the dissolution of the monasteries affected the social and economic structure of England.

Answer: The dissolution led to the closure of monastic institutions, which resulted in the transfer of land and wealth to the crown and nobles. It reduced the Church's influence and provided the crown with financial resources, but also caused social upheaval among those who relied on monasteries for charity and employment.

Question 7: Identify two reasons why the Tudor period is often called a time of religious change.

Answer: Firstly, the break from Rome and the establishment of the Church of England under Henry VIII. Secondly, the fluctuating religious policies under different monarchs, from Catholicism under Mary I to Protestantism under Elizabeth I.

Question 8: Sketch a diagram of the structure of the English court during Elizabeth I's reign. Include the key roles such as the monarch, nobles, courtiers, and advisors. Use labels to identify each part.

Answer: A hierarchical diagram with the Queen at the top, followed by a layer of nobles and high-ranking courtiers, then advisors and officials, and finally lesser courtiers and servants. Each label should identify the role and position in the court structure.

Question 9: Evaluate the impact of the Spanish Armada's defeat on England's national identity and its international standing.

Answer: The defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 boosted English national pride and fostered a sense of unity and identity. It also established England as a major naval power, improving its international reputation and deterring future invasions.