Question 1: Explain one main cause of World War I and how it contributed to the outbreak of the war.

Answer: A main cause was militarism, which involved countries building up their armed forces and stockpiling weapons. This increased tensions and made countries more willing to go to war. For example, the arms race between Britain and Germany heightened suspicion and rivalry.

Question 2: Describe the concept of alliances in WWI and explain how they affected the scale of the conflict.

Answer: Alliances were agreements between countries to support each other in war. They made small disputes turn into larger conflicts because countries had to defend their allies. For instance, the Triple Entente and Triple Alliance meant many countries were pulled into the war after one nation was attacked.

Question 3: Identify and explain the significance of the event known as the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Answer: The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary was carried out by a Serbian nationalist. It is significant because it triggered a series of diplomatic crises and ultimately led Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia, starting WWI.

Question 4: Describe what is meant by 'trench warfare' during WWI and explain one advantage and one disadvantage of this method of fighting.

Answer: Trench warfare involved soldiers fighting from deep ditches or trenches. An advantage was that it provided protection from enemy fire, but a disadvantage was that it caused terrible living conditions and led to stalemates.

Question 5: Sketch a simple diagram of a typical trench system used in WWI. Label the main parts such as the front line, support trench, and communication trench. (Describe what a correct sketch would include.)

Answer: A correct sketch would show a series of parallel trenches with a front line trench closest to the enemy, support trenches located behind, and communication trenches connecting them. The trenches should include features like sandbags, firing steps, and dugouts.

Question 6: Discuss two ways in which WWI impacted civilians at home.

Answer: Civilians experienced shortages of food and supplies due to rationing, and many women started working in factories as men went to fight, leading to social changes.

Question 7: Explain the significance of the Treaty of Versailles and how it affected Germany after WWI.

Answer: The Treaty of Versailles officially ended the war and placed heavy penalties on Germany, including reparations and territorial losses. It caused resentment and economic hardship, which contributed to the rise of Adolf Hitler and WWII.

Question 8: Identify two new technologies or weapons introduced during WWI and briefly describe their impact on warfare.

Answer: Machine guns were used extensively, leading to high casualty rates and making traditional charges deadly. Poison gas was also introduced, causing severe injuries and adding a new, terrifying element to combat.

Question 9: Reflect on why WWI is often called 'The Great War.' What does this suggest about its impact?

Answer: It is called 'The Great War' because of the massive scale of destruction, the number of countries involved, and the large loss of life. It had a profound impact on the world, leading to significant political and social changes.

Question 10: Describe one way in which the war affected the role of women in society during or after WWI.

Answer: During WWI, many women took on jobs traditionally held by men, such as working in factories and as nurses. This helped promote gender equality and changed societal views on women's roles.