Question 1: Describe what is meant by the term 'Cold War'. Why was it called 'cold'?

Answer: The Cold War was a period of political and military tension between the USA and the USSR after 1945, without direct fighting between them. It was called 'cold' because there was no large-scale war between the superpowers.

Question 2: Explain the main goal of the Marshall Plan and how it was related to the Cold War.

Answer: The Marshall Plan was a US initiative to provide economic aid to rebuild European countries after WWII. Its goal was to prevent the spread of communism by stabilizing economies and promoting democracy.

Question 3: List three ways in which the United States and the Soviet Union showed their rivalry during the Cold War.

Answer: 1. Building nuclear weapons (arms race); 2. Establishing military alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact; 3. Engaging in propaganda and espionage activities.

Question 4: Describe the significance of the Berlin Wall and how it symbolized the Cold War.

Answer: The Berlin Wall was built in 1961 to stop East Germans from fleeing to West Berlin. It became a symbol of the division between the communist East and the democratic West, representing the ideological conflict of the Cold War.

Question 5: Imagine you are a citizen of Berlin in 1961. Write a short paragraph describing how you might feel about the construction of the Berlin Wall.

Answer: A student might describe feelings of fear, confusion, or frustration about being separated from family and friends, or hope for future reunification.

Question 6: Draw a simple diagram to show the division of Berlin in 1961, indicating the location of the Berlin Wall and the sectors of East and West Berlin.

Answer: A correct sketch would show a large circle representing Berlin divided into East and West sections, with a wall running through the middle, separating the two sides.

Question 7: Explain what the Cuban Missile Crisis was and why it was a key moment in Cold War history.

Answer: The Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962 was when the US discovered Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba. It was a tense standoff that nearly led to nuclear war, highlighting the danger of Cold War conflicts.

Question 8: Identify two reasons why the Cold War eventually came to an end around 1991.

Answer: 1. The decline of communist control in the USSR and Eastern Europe; 2. Economic problems and political reforms like Glasnost and Perestroika in the USSR.

Question 9: Sketch a timeline showing at least four key events of the Cold War from 1945 to 1991.

Answer: A correct timeline would include: 1945 - End of WWII; 1961 - Construction of the Berlin Wall; 1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis; 1991 - Dissolution of the USSR.