Question 1: Explain what is meant by the term 'Cold War'. Why was it called 'cold'?

Answer: The Cold War was a period of political and military tension between the United States and the Soviet Union after 1945. It was called 'cold' because there was no direct fighting between the two superpowers, only conflicts through proxies, espionage, and propaganda.

Question 2: Describe the main goal of the Marshall Plan and how it was related to the Cold War tensions.

Answer: The Marshall Plan was a US initiative to provide economic aid to Western European countries to help rebuild their economies after WWII. Its goal was to prevent the spread of communism and to strengthen Western alliances against the Soviet Union, thus increasing Cold War tensions.

Question 3: Identify two ways in which the USA and USSR were different during the Cold War.

Answer: The USA was a capitalist democracy, while the USSR was a communist dictatorship. The USA promoted free markets and individual freedoms, whereas the USSR promoted state control and collective ownership.

Question 4: Describe what the Berlin Wall was and explain its significance during the Cold War.

Answer: The Berlin Wall was a concrete barrier built by East Germany in 1961 to stop people fleeing from East to West Berlin. It symbolized the division between the communist East and capitalist West and became a powerful symbol of Cold War tensions.

Question 5: List three events that increased Cold War tensions between the USA and USSR.

Answer: The Cuban Missile Crisis, the construction of the Berlin Wall, and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.

Question 6: Explain the significance of the Cuban Missile Crisis and how it was resolved.

Answer: The Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962 was a tense confrontation when the USSR placed nuclear missiles in Cuba, just 90 miles from the USA. It brought the superpowers to the brink of war. It was resolved when the USSR agreed to remove the missiles in exchange for the US promising not to invade Cuba and secretly removing US missiles from Turkey.

Question 7: Draw a simple timeline showing three key events of the Cold War: the Berlin Wall's construction, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the fall of the Berlin Wall.

Answer: A timeline with three points: 1961 (Berlin Wall built), 1962 (Cuban Missile Crisis), 1989 (Fall of Berlin Wall).

Question 8: Sketch a diagram illustrating the differences between a capitalist economy and a communist economy. Label key features in your drawing.

Answer: A diagram with two side-by-side sections. The capitalist side shows private ownership, free markets, and individual profit. The communist side shows state ownership, planned economy, and collective resources.

Question 9: Describe what the term 'detente' means in the context of Cold War history.

Answer: Detente was a period of improved relations between the USA and USSR during the 1970s, characterized by negotiations, treaties, and reduced tensions.

Question 10: Explain the impact of the fall of the Berlin Wall on the Cold War.

Answer: The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 symbolized the end of Cold War divisions in Europe. It led to the reunification of Germany and marked the decline of Soviet influence in Eastern Europe, helping to end the Cold War.