Question 1: Explain what the term 'Restoration' refers to in English history. Why was this period named so?

Answer: The Restoration refers to the period when the monarchy was restored in England in 1660, with King Charles II taking the throne after the Interregnum. It is called 'Restoration' because it restored the monarchy after years of republican rule.

Question 2: Describe two changes that occurred in England after the monarchy was restored in 1660.

Answer: One change was the re-establishment of the Church of England as the main religion. Another was the reopening of theatres and pubs, which had been closed during the Puritan rule.

Question 3: What was the significance of the Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 during the Restoration period?

Answer: The Habeas Corpus Act protected individuals from being detained unlawfully, ensuring they could challenge their imprisonment in court, thus limiting the power of the monarch and government.

Question 4: Describe the political atmosphere in England during the reign of Charles II. Was it stable or turbulent? Support your answer.

Answer: The political atmosphere was somewhat turbulent, as there were conflicts between different political groups like the Whigs and Tories, and issues related to religious differences and royal authority caused tensions.

Question 5: Sketch a simple timeline of three major events during the Restoration period, including the year each event happened.

Answer: A timeline with three points: 1660 - Restoration of Charles II; 1665 - The Great Plague; 1666 - The Great Fire of London.

Question 6: Draw a map of London and mark the locations of the Palace of Whitehall, the Tower of London, and the Royal Exchange. Label each site.

Answer: A sketch showing the approximate locations of Whitehall (near Westminster), the Tower of London (east of the city), and the Royal Exchange (near the modern Bank area).

Question 7: Identify and explain two reasons why the English monarchy was restored in 1660.

Answer: One reason was the desire for stability after years of civil war and republican rule. Another was the popularity of Charles II among many people who saw him as a symbol of order and tradition.

Question 8: What role did the Parliament play during Charles II’s reign? Give one example of their influence.

Answer: Parliament had an important role in passing laws and controlling finances. For example, they passed the Test Act in 1673, which restricted Catholics from holding public office.

Question 9: Explain the impact of the Great Fire of London in 1666 on the city’s architecture and urban planning.

Answer: The fire destroyed large parts of London, leading to new building regulations and the redesign of the city with wider streets and brick buildings to reduce fire risk.

Question 10: Sketch a scene showing a typical street in London during the Restoration period. Include buildings, people in period clothing, and street features like carts or market stalls.

Answer: A detailed sketch showing narrow streets with timber-framed buildings, men and women in 17th-century clothing, carts drawn by horses, and market stalls with goods displayed.